PMS 2016 and PMS 2022 Solved Pakistan Affairs Past Papers | Note on Pakistan’s Role in the United Nations
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Question Breakdown
In this question, we need to write a note on Pakistan’s role in the UN and its efforts in the UN should be mentioned in various areas.
Outline
1-Introduction
2- Pakistan at the United Nations
3-Pakistan’s key contribution to the UN
- ✓ Peacekeeping Operations
- ✓ Kashmir Issue
- ✓ Diplomatic Influence in the UN General Assembly and Security Council
- ✓ Advocacy for the global South
- ✓ UN Security Council reforms
- ✓ Transnational organized crimes
- ✓ Supporting Disarmament and Non-Proliferation efforts of the UN
- ✓ Humanitarian assistance and refugees
- ✓ Climate Change Actions
- ✓ Mediation and conflict resolution
- ✓ Membership of international organizations
- ✓ Information and communication technologies
4-Conclusion
Answer to the Question
Introduction
Pakistan, joining the United Nations (UN) shortly after gaining independence from the British Raj, has played a pivotal role in global peace, stability, and development. After its admission into the international body, the country has contributed a lot in its working. Pakistan has always advocated for global South, spoken in favor of UN Security Council reforms instead of expanding its permanent membership, played, and is playing, a critical role in UN bodies during its membership, and contributed substantially to the UN peacekeeping efforts, which has helped Pakistan garner diplomatic influence in the UN General Assembly (UNGA) and UN Security Council (UNSC). In short, Pakistan has played a dynamic role in the UN initiatives for global harmony, and security.
Pakistan at the United Nations
Pakistan applied for UN membership shortly after its creation on September 30, 1947. On October 7, 1947, the UN General Assembly voted in favor of extending the UN membership to the newly established country, and on the same day, the nascent state was made the 57th member of the UN. Since then, Pakistan has established itself as an active member of the UN, committed to the principles and objectives of the UN charter. The country has always prioritized international peace and security over vested interests. The country has always tried to honor its commitments made to all the UN bodies and international conventions to which it is signatory. In short, the country has a good experience with the UN for the past 77 years.
Pakistan’s key contribution to the UN
- Peacekeeping Operations
Pakistan is the largest troop contributor country to the United Nations. Since its first deployment in Congo in 1960, Pakistan has completed 46 UN peacekeeping missions across 23 countries, with over 15,000 troops. A total of 153 troops have suffered martyrdom in their line of duties. Currently, Pakistan provides the largest number of peacekeepers, amounting to 8,230. Additionally, the country is also the 5th largest contributor to the police force, with its members performing extraordinary services in their duties. For instance, Shahzadi Gulfam is the first ever recipient of the International Female Police Peacekeeping Award in 2011. Apart from that, Pakistan is also the receiver of one of the first UN peacekeeping missions, UNMOGIP, which continues to supervise the critical Line of Control (LoC) between the two countries, India and Pakistan.
- Kashmir Issue
Pakistan is actively engaged with the UN over the issue of Kashmir. Pakistan has repeatedly made calls to implement relevant UNSC resolutions to address the issue by respecting Kashmiris’ right of self-determination. Pakistan has always supported Kashmiris’ struggle for independence morally, politically, and diplomatically.
- Diplomatic Influence in the UN General Assembly and Security Council
Pakistan has been elected a non-permanent member of the UN 7 times in past, with its last term in 2012-13. The country convened different debates on topics that were relevant to the respective time periods. In 2012-13, Pakistan convened two special thematic debates: comprehensive debate on counterterrorism and adoption of a multidimensional approach to the UN peacekeeping missions. The latter led to the adoption of landmark resolution on multidimensional UN peacekeeping missions. Fortunately, Pakistan has again been elected as a non-permanent member for the tenure of 2025-26.
- Advocacy for the global South
Pakistan is a vocal advocate for the rights of developing countries, especially in matters of sustainable development, poverty alleviation and equitable representation in global decision-making. Pakistan is a member of G77 plus China, which is an intergovernmental organization that collaborates on policy response to promote the interests of the developing world. Pakistan has chaired the G77 in New York on four occasions, leading to the advancement of social and economic objectives of developing countries in international development negotiations at the UN and beyond. Pakistan led the group in formulating and obtaining agreements on the urgent and organized response needed to address issues, like climate change repercussions on developing countries. Recently, Pakistan diplomatic maneuvering in Conference of Parties 27 (COP27) led to establishment of Loss and Damage Fund for addressing climate-related devastations.
- UN Security Council reforms
Pakistan, along with United for Consensus (UfC) group, advocates for reforming membership of the UNSC by making it more inclusive, democratic, and accountable. Pakistan believes that having more veto states will not serve the interests of 193 UN members; rather, it favors a plan to open longer-term seats in the UNSC, along with greater but fair and equal opportunities for a large number of countries who wish to contribute to the work of the UNSC.
- Transnational organized crimes
Pakistan is actively participating in the policy discussions and global efforts against the transnational organized crimes at the United Nations and other forums. Pakistan has taken steps in policy, legal and administrative arenas to check irregular migrations and trafficking in persons. Pakistan is party of the United Nations Convention on Transnational Organized Crimes (UNCTOC) and has also acceded to Trafficking in Person (TIP) protocol.
- Supporting Disarmament and Non-Proliferation efforts of the UN
Pakistan has always stood by the principles of non-proliferation and disarmament efforts within the UN. Pakistan actively participated in the formulation of Comprehensive Nuclear-Test Ban Treaty in the Conference of Disarmament (CD) of the UN and voted for it when it was adopted in 1996. It also supports negotiations on agenda items of CD, like Proposed Prevention of Arms Race in Space (PAROS), Negative Security Assurances (NSAs), Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT), promoting the objective of disarmament and non-proliferation equitably and through a consensus-based approach.
- Humanitarian assistance and refugees
Pakistan has hosted millions of refugees, mainly from Afghanistan. It has provided them with food, shelter, and health care and other rights enshrined in international law, fulfilling the UN objective of protecting and assisting the refugees.
- Climate Change Actions
Pakistan has always taken part in negotiations pertaining to climate change under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The country is striving to reduce its carbon emissions and increasing its reliance on renewable energy sources, mainly solar energy, and wind energy.
- Mediation and conflict resolution
Pakistan has always been a staunch advocate of regional and global peace and stability, which is evident from its efforts in facilitating dialogue in Afghanistan during the War on Terror for peaceful resolution of the global issue, which aligns with UN missions to prevent conflicts and promote peace in the region and in the world.
- Membership of international organizations
Pakistan is, and was, an elected member of a number of UN bodies and international organizations. Currently, Pakistan is a member of Convention on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (CCPCJ), Commission on Population and Development (CPD), Commission on Status of Women (CSW), and Governing Board of the International Labor Organization (GBILO), depicting Pakistan’s active role in the UN-led bodies.
- Information and Communication Technologies
Pakistan has welcomed the formation of an ad-hoc Committee for the formation of a comprehensive International Convention on misuse of ICTs for criminal purposes established in 2020 and is contributing actively towards the formulation of an international convention on prevention of cybercrimes, which are constantly a source of concern for the world.
Conclusion
In a nutshell, Pakistan has played an important role in the United Nations by actively participating in various UN initiatives aimed at global peace, stability, and development. Its contribution to UN peacekeeping missions, participation in the formulation of international conventions on cyber security, and membership in multiple UN bodies demonstrate its instrumental role in the UN’s work. In a word, Pakistan has always displayed itself as a responsible and reliable member of the UN by contributing to the initiatives that benefit the people of the country and beyond.
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