PMS 2019 Solved Islamiat Past Papers | The Fundamental Beliefs of Islam and Their Impacts
The following question of PMS Islamiat 2019 is solved by Miss Ayesha Irfan, the highest scorer in CSS Islamiat. Moreover, the question is attempted using the same pattern taught by Sir Syed Kazim Ali to his students, who have scored the highest marks in compulsory subjects for years. This solved past paper question is uploaded to help aspirants understand how to crack a topic or question, write relevantly, what coherence is, and how to include and connect ideas, opinions, and suggestions to score the maximum.
Question Breakdown
In this specific question, the examiner asked to write a detailed note on any two topics. Here, the examiner inquired about two things: First, the fundamental beliefs of Islam. Second, what are their impacts on human life? Moreover, this question is split into parts that address Islamic beliefs and their effects on human life. Lastly, an outline of the answer is given, which addresses the main points of the given topics.
Outline
1- Introduction
2- Explaining the basic concepts of Islam and their significance in the Quran and Sunnah
- ✓Belief in One God and the Testimony of Faith (Tawheed)
- ✓Prayer (Salah)
- ✓Giving Wealth to Zakat
- ✓Fasting in the month of Ramadan
- ✓Hajj: The Pilgrimage to Makkah
3- What are the impacts of Islamic beliefs on human life?
A- Individual Impacts
- ✓ Creating love of God
- ✓ Creating a sense of self-purification
- ✓ Instilling the moral buildup
- ✓ Creating a sense of responsibility and punctuality
B- Social Impacts
- ✓ creating equality and brotherhood
- ✓ promoting social service sense
- ✓ strengthening social justice and peace
- ✓ promoting the rule of law
4- Critical analysis
5- Conclusion
Answer to the Question
Introduction
Islam is a comprehensive, all-encompassing lifestyle based on fundamental ideas, including the unity of Allah, prophethood, divine books, the afterlife, and worship. To teach humanity how to behave in all spheres of life—individual, social, material, moral, ethical, legal, cultural, political, economic, and global—Islam is thorough. More precisely, “Islam has been built on five [pillars]: establishing the salah (prayer), paying the zakat (obligatory charity), making the hajj (pilgrimage) to the House, fasting during Ramadan, and testifying that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah and that there is no other deity worthy of worship.” Thus, all of these concepts directly affect people’s lives, individually and professionally.
Explaining the basic concepts of Islam and their significance in the Quran and Sunnah
- Belief in One God and the Testimony of Faith (Tawheed)
The Arabic term Tawheed describes the distinctive conviction in God’s unity. It refers to the conviction that there is only one deity deserving of worship: Allah. The most crucial and initial of the five pillars of Islam is tawheed. Islam can only be entered by accepting and adhering to this pillar. In Arabic, the witness of faith, or shahada, must be pronounced to become a Muslim and join the Islamic community. A solitary utterance is evidence of faith: “Laa ilaha illa Allah Muhammad Rasoolullah.” This statement indicates that Muhammad is Allah’s Messenger and that there is no other god. Admitting and believing that Muhammad is Allah’s Messenger and that no one else is deserving of worship is what it entails. This belief in God is the cornerstone of the entire religion and its teachings.
- Prayer (Salah)
The second most significant tenet of Islam is prayer, the first thing a person will be judged on the Day of Judgment. In the Qur’an, Allah describes these prayers to us: Guard strictly (five obligatory) the prayers, especially the middle prayer (i.e., Asr). And stand before Allah with obedience: Qur’an, Chapter 2, Verse 238. Importantly, prayer serves as a connection between a person and Allah. It should be done as best one can because it is a close relationship between a person and His Creator.
- Giving Wealth to Zakat
The third pillar of Islam is zakat. A certain percentage of a Muslim’s wealth is donated to needy people. It is the sum donated once a year to help particular groups of individuals. Zakat means “that which purifies.” It is a means for Muslims to purify their income and possessions. Zakat purifies your possessions and brings you Allah’s pleasure since your wealth is given to those in need, much like the prayer (salah) purifies a person’s spirit. Zakat, which is taken from the wealthy and given to the poor, is something that Allah has commanded Muslims to do. Only Muslims who are financially capable, have attained puberty (i.e., adults), and are mentally stable are required to pay zakat.
Additionally, a person’s wealth must be above a specific threshold called the nisaab. A person must have a certain level of wealth, known as the nisaab, before being obligated to pay zakat. They should have the wealth for a year.
- Fasting in the month of Ramadan
The fourth pillar of Islam is the practice of fasting throughout the month of Ramadan. The practice of not eating, drinking, or having sex from sunrise to sunset is referred to as this. Allah says in the Qur’an: O you who believe! Observing the fast is prescribed for you as prescribed for those before you, and you may become pious. Qur’an – Chapter 2, Verse 183. Moreover, Ramadan is an incredible month since it was during this time that Allah gave Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) the Qur’an. This month is when the reward for good deeds, charitable deeds, and acts of worship is increased. To do this, we must refrain from doing things that Allah has prohibited, exercise patience throughout the day, manage our cravings, compete in generosity through charitable giving, and show compassion and cooperation with one another.
- Hajj: The Pilgrimage to Makkah
The Hajj, or journey to Makkah, is Islam’s fifth and last pillar. Millions of Muslims travel to Makkah each year to perform the pilgrimage to the Kabah, the Sacred House of Allah. It shows solidarity among Muslims and is one of the most important forms of worship in Islam. Regarding the Hajj reward, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) stated: “He will return from Hajj free from all sins, just as he was on the day his mother gave birth to him, if he performs it to please Allah and abstain from all lewdness and sins (therein).”.
What are the impacts of Islamic beliefs on human life?
A- Individual Impacts
- ✓ Creating a love of God
The core of an Islamic believer’s faith is their love for God. This love is fostered by realizing that God is the most exquisite, flawless, and precious entity. Since nothing should be regarded as being on par with God in their hearts, Muslims are urged to love Him above all else. Furthermore, Islamic doctrine engenders feelings of love for God among Muslims. Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “If you ˹sincerely˺ love Allah, then follow me; Allah will love you and forgive your sins. For Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
- ✓ Creating a sense of self-purification
Self-purification, often referred to as Tazkiyah or al-Ehsan in Arabic, is a key idea in Islam that describes purifying one’s soul of moral sins and spiritual impurities. By Islamic principles, this practice seeks to attain moral and spiritual excellence. Purification of the self (tazkiyah nafs), however, is the foundation of the Islamic faith. Allah says, “He who purifies it will indeed be successful” (TMQ, 91:9). This means that people must maintain the cleanliness of both their bodies and spirits because they are related. A religious individual does not keep himself unclean and untidy, oblivious to his environment, attire, and physical necessities.
- ✓ Instilling the moral buildup
Moreover, Muslims are morally strengthened by Islamic principles. The fundamental tenets of Islam help Muslims develop their character as they become closer to their Lord. Islamic beliefs profoundly influence moral ideals by highlighting virtues like kindness, charity, honesty, justice, patience, and respect for parents and elders. Pursuing Allah’s will is a primary goal in a Muslim’s life since the belief in a single God as the Creator emphasizes these moral principles. Recite what has been revealed to you of the Book and establish prayer. Indeed, ˹genuine˺ prayer should deter ˹one˺ from indecency and wickedness. The remembrance of Allah is ˹an˺ even greater ˹deterrent˺. And Allah ˹fully˺ knows what you ˹all˺ do. This framework fosters an ethical community by guiding Muslims in their interpersonal relationships and personal behaviour.
- ✓ Creating a sense of responsibility and punctuality
According to Islam, being on time is an essential quality. Examined closely, most Muslim-recommended acts of worship, including prayers, zakat, and the Hajj, are associated with particular times. In the sight of Allah SWT, prayer will only be rejected if the deadline is missed. This explains why a Muslim’s devotion is tied to a time frame that needs to be followed. Allah SWT said: “O you who believe Fulfill (your) obligations” (Quran 5:1). Attahiru (2021) claims that the lengthy history of colonization in various Islamic nations is the reason why most Muslims experience this symptom of alienating the discipline of time between religion and worldly pursuits.
B- Social Impacts
- ✓ Creating equality and brotherhood
Being a social species, man cannot exist without society. All social institutions and several divine and artificial religions now arose to teach him how to live in peace, harmony, and respect for others. Islam has the most comprehensive set of rules for behaviour. It includes social, moral, spiritual, and financial aspects of an individual’s personal and social life. The Islamic worship system symbolizes complete surrender to Allah Ta’ala and friendly relationships with others; it is more than just a set of rituals. All of Islam’s teachings make frequent reference to this reality.
“So establish Salat, give Zakat, and hold fast to Allah.”
- ✓ Promoting social service sense
Islamic practices like prayer, fasting, the Hajj, and zakat foster community and love. Zakat is essential for advancing social and economic justice in the Muslim community. Redistributing money promotes a sense of solidarity and shared responsibility, empowers the poor, and lessens poverty. Promoting selflessness, kindness, and charity makes society more just and peaceful. Additionally, the Hajj promotes a sense of fraternity and equality. “[It is] the place whereon Abraham once stood, and whoever enters it finds inner peace. Hence, pilgrimage unto the Temple is a duty owed to God by all people who can undertake it.” (Qur’an 3:97)
- ✓ Strengthening social justice and peace
Ek hi saf mein khade ho gaye Mahmood-o-Ayaz
Na koi banda raha aur na koi banda-nawaz
“Sultan and slave in single file stood side by side. Then no servant was nor master; nothing did them divide.”
Islamic practices like prayer, fasting, the Hajj, and zakat promote peace and social justice. The Muslim Ummah stands together during prayer without any distinction or discrimination. Similar to this, all Muslims, regardless of their community, race, or colour, perform the Hajj on an equal footing before Allah.
- ✓ Promoting the rule of law
Last but not least, Islamic beliefs like prayer, fasting, the Hajj, and zakat strengthen the rule of law. The government must function according to legal principles to uphold the rule of law. Islamic law is linked to the “aqīdah,” or Islamic belief system. Since no legal system is infallible, Muslims’ faith in Allah must be reinforced in tandem with improvements to the law. The most essential tenet of Islam is the sovereignty of Allah. He alone is the Law-Giver and the sole God. He commands that His law be carried out and upheld in this world, and He will do the same in the following, rewarding good deeds with paradise and punishing evil deeds with hellfire.
Critical Analysis
It is evident from the explanation above that Islamic principles—Tuheed, Namaz, Roza, Zakat, Hajj, and the hereafter—significantly impact human civilization. These ideas affect Muslims’ social lives in addition to their personal lives. Without question, Islamic principles significantly influenced humanity and guided people in the correct direction. In the Quran, Allah says, Recite what has been revealed to you of the Book and establish prayer. Indeed, genuine prayer should deter ˹one˺ from indecency and wickedness. The remembrance of Allah is an even greater ˹deterrent˺. And Allah fully knows what you all do. (29:45)
Conclusion
In summary, Islamic ideas are the cornerstones of Islamic theology and profoundly influence their adherents. Islam, however, is the religion of truth. It is the manifestation of the law of life that Allah, the universe’s Creator and Lord, has made known for humanity’s benefit. The core of Islamic teachings are the revolutionary ideas of tawhid, salah, fasting, the hereafter, and the Hajj. All of these ideas have a significant influence on people’s social and private lives.
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