CSS Current Affairs | Solutions of missing persons issue in Baluchistan
The following question of CSS Current Affairs is solved by Rafia Razzaq under the supervision of Howfiv’s Pakistan Affairs and Current Affairs Coaches. She learnt how to attempt 20 marks question and essay writing from Sir Syed Kazim Ali, Pakistan’s best CSS and PMS English essay and precis teacher with the highest success rate of his students. This solved past paper question is attempted on the pattern taught by Sir to his students, scoring the highest marks in compulsory and optional subjects for years, and uploaded to help aspirants understand how to crack a topic or question, how to write relevantly, what coherence is, and how to include and connect ideas, opinions, and suggestions to score the maximum.
Outline
1-Introduction
2-A cursory glance at the current situation in Baluchistan
3-Significant measures to solve the issue of missing persons in Baluchistan
- ✓Engage in peaceful political dialogue
- ✓Enforcement of legal framework
- ✓Regularize fair and Transparent judgement
- ✓Strengthen Human rights mechanism
- ✓Enhance security to prevent casual disappearances
- ✓Provide support for victim families
4-Critical analysis
5-Conclusion
Answer to the Question
Introduction
Baluchistan has faced a lot of setbacks since Pakistan’s independence. The Pashtuns issue as soon as Pakistan set foot on the world map with several insurgencies has given a push to major disruptions and conflicts. Moreover, the militant group’s involvement in recruiting regular citizens in their anti-state conspiracies has led to the sudden disappearances of the citizens. The missing person issue has plagued Baluchistan for over two decades, and it needs to be addressed as soon as possible. Additionally, the profound hitch is caused when families face this for the first time and do not have prior information. The financial constraints further restrict them from pursuing any legal process. Furthermore, the government needs to be heedful of the issue and must engage in peaceful dialogue with Ba-loch communities and socialist groups to prevent further loss. The government should strengthen security and implement laws to prevent forced disappearances while adhering to the rules and regulations under the legal framework. Similarly, humanitarian bodies need to ensure proper documentation of the enforced disappearances, further restricting any cycle of violence.
A cursory glance at the current situation in Baluchistan
Baluchistan, a province of Pakistan, despite being rich in natural resources, has always faced socio-political, economic, and security challenges. It is one of the largest provinces by land area but also one of the least developed regions of Pakistan. Baluchistan has witnessed insurgencies for decades fueled by the demand for autonomy, independent political rights, and transparent resource distribution. These demands further influenced the rise of militant groups. Moreover, the issue of enforced disappearances created deep mistrust between people and the state. Additionally, security operations on borders against terrorism have sparked distinct reactions from the locals, with few nonchalant about it while some are against it. Although CPEC offers major economic opportunities, locals have expressed concerns over the equitable distribution of resources and exclusion of Ba-loch people. Furthermore, the issue with Afghanistan remains unresolved, which further complicates the situation.
Significant measures to solve the issue of missing persons in Baluchistan
- Engage in peaceful political dialogue
Previous governments have attempted to address this missing person issue through dialogues aimed at verifying the authenticity of cases. Unfortunately, these efforts often met disappointment and were never implemented. However, the current government has taken serious actions, devising a legal framework to alleviate the financial constraints of the families of missing persons. This plan, approved by the Cabinet, includes providing economic relief and legal assistance for documentation related to passports and national identity cards. It is important to note that this is merely a short-term measure to address the issue. The need for long-term policy implementation to secure the rights of Baluchistan people and resolve the issues of unemployment, discrimination, and marginalization is of utmost value to restore peaceful political dialogue.
- Enforcement of legal framework
To address missing person issues in Baluchistan, several preventive measures need to be implemented, and adherence to strict enforcement of laws against enforced disappearances is a crucial need of the present. The government must ratify and put into effect the United Nations International Convention to Protect All Persons from Forced Disappearance in accordance with Convention Articles 31 and 32. Furthermore, the establishment of dedicated courts is important for strict and transparent action against enforced disappearances.
- Regularize fair and Transparent judgement
In order to address the issue of enforced disappearances, the government must establish committees and judicial bodies so they can make decisions without any prejudice and corruption. The committee must include officials from Baluchistan, and their grievances must be addressed at every cost. Moreover, these commissions must include human rights experts, socialist groups, and judicial officials to ensure impartial decisions. For instance, Argentina also encountered the same issue of enforced disappearances during the country’s military dictatorship influencing the Dirty War, but the strong policymaking, transparent judgement and the establishment of human rights organizations helped them prosecute those responsible for alleged disappearances. This calls for immediate measures to negotiate the issue to prevent further losses.
- Strengthen Human rights mechanism
The government must provide more resources to the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) to advocate and strengthen the human rights mechanism committee. The inclusion of international bodies like the UN and Amnesty International can help a lot in raising global awareness and empowering the committee to work more diligently and take necessary actions to stop enforced disappearances. Moreover, Amnesty International has also called Pakistani authorities to Ensure that all measures are taken to immediately end the practice of enforced disappearance or immediately release the victims of enforced disappearance or ensure that they are brought promptly before a judge in a civilian court to rule on the lawfulness of their arrest or detention and whether they should be released. This highlights how the need to strengthen humanitarian agencies is very important.
- Enhance security to prevent casual disappearances
In order to stop enforced disappearances, civilian oversight bodies should be established to monitor the activities of security forces, intelligence agencies, and law enforcement in Baluchistan. The legal framework under which security forces operate must be transparent, and there must be mechanisms for holding those responsible for misconduct accountable. Amnesty International calls Pakistani authorities to consult civil society and families of the disappeared on the draft bill to criminalize enforced disappearance and ensure that the offence is defined in accordance with international law and standards. Moreover, the establishment of independent bodies and parliamentary committees can ensure transparency in the actions of security forces, further restricting them from taking the law into their own hands and also preventing the abuse of power.
- Provide support for victim Families
Families of victims must receive fair compensation when it is confirmed that the state or state actors were involved in the enforced disappearances. For instance, in countries that have come out of conflict, like South Africa and Rwanda, this strategy has worked out well. Moreover, programs for social, financial, and psychological rehabilitation should be provided to victims who come back from missing or detention, as well as for families of missing people. The emotional setback is irrevocable, as the loss of loved ones is kind of traumatic and support of every kind is necessary for families who have never faced such a devastating reality.
Critical Analysis
The issue of enforced disappearances is a critical issue and needs to be resolved with immediate measures to prevent any further grievances. Baluchistan people have faced these issues for decades, which further exacerbate fear, unrest and political instability in the region. As a result, addressing the issue of missing people in Baluchistan needs a multidimensional approach that addresses not only the emotional and financial difficulties faced by affected families but also the underlying challenges caused by the issue. Justice and accountability can only be achieved through fair and unbiased efforts, which will result in a region-wide society that is more stable and compassionate.
Conclusion
Baluchistan’s missing person problem is a sensitive problem that demands a multifaceted approach. Resolving this problem once and for all, several policy initiatives, such as peaceful political dialogue, fair and transparent legal and governance systems, increased accountability for security agencies, the establishment of human rights agencies, and genuine efforts to reestablish public trust in the province, are required to be implemented. This long-standing issue can only be resolved by addressing the underlying causes of distrust and marginalization, paving the way for peace and stability in the region.
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