CSS Current Affairs | Role of OIC, Arab League, and GCC in the Middle East.
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Outline
1- Introduction
2- An overview of OIC, Arab League, and GCC
3- What are the roles of OIC, the Arab League, and GCC in the current Middle East crisis?
3.1- Positive Roles of OIC, Arab League, and GCC
- ✓Role of OIC
- Argument: Countering Israel’s disinformation campaign over Gaza was the main focus of the extraordinary session held in Hague Convention Turkey in 2023 during the session of OIC
- Evidence: Fahrettin Alton, the Director and member of the OIC, has stated that Israel is enormously engaging in various crimes that are against international law, which include forced land acquisition, highlighting the brutality of Israel, genocide, and war crimes in Gaza and throughout Palestine.
- Argument: OIC demonstrated solidarity and support for the people of Palestine, who are demanding the implementation of the resolution in the General Assembly. The dehumanization of Palestinians is not acceptable.
- Evidence: According to OIC Ambassador Mansour, “the Security Council is unable to collaborate.” Nevertheless, we will continue to knock on the door of the Security Council to maintain international peace and prevent crimes by Israel’s
- ✓Role of Arab League
- Argument: the Arab League discusses ways to counter the Israeli aggression against the Gaza Strip, including a boycott of Israel.
- Evidence: Arab League Secretary-General Ahmed Aboul-Gheit says that the Arab League rejects the UN partition plan and declares Israeli policies are like time bombs depriving the region of opportunities for stability. He says anyone who wishes to see the picture from one angle only makes mistakes. For this, he considers the international double standard.
- ✓Role of the Gulf Cooperation Council
- Argument: The GCC condemns Israel and urges the UN to press for a two-state solution.
- Evidence: Qatar has called on the UN Security Council to force Israel to the negotiating table in a bid to end the killing of Palestinians, which was a clear violation of international legitimacy resolutions, including UN Security Council Resolution No. 234
3.2- Negative Roles of 0IC, Arab League, and GCC
- ✓Role of OIC
- Argument: The OIC has failed to promote unity as Arab nations divide over Israel.
- Evidence: Saudi Arabia has emerged as the de facto leader of the Muslim world, and It seems that Saudi Arabia, along with the UAE and seven other countries, has rejected suggestions to cut ties with Israel. Iran and Syria have put forward the idea of severing relations with Israel.
- ✓Role of the Arab League
- Argument: Arab League and Neorealism, which reflect a regional divide in friendly relations with Israel
- Evidence: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain have initiated the process of normalizing their relations with Israel, primarily driven by military and economic considerations. In contrast, Iran and Syria have chosen not to cooperate for unity.
- ✓Role of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
- Argument: failure to adopt the Gaza ceasefire resolution of the UN
- Evidence: The US vetoed the resolution and claimed Algeria’s proposed resolution would jeopardize talks to end the war.
4- Conclusion
Answer to the Question
Introduction
The Israel-Palestine conflict is one of the conflicts that have become the sole cause of the Middle East crisis. The impulse of such disputes has brought all councils, like OIC, the arab league, and the GCC, into action. They are all the most significant contributors to resolving the Israel-Palestine conflict. The Gaza is outraged with the flames of war, which is likely to continue with full spark. The primary motto of Israel’s mission included that they make sure that Hamas does not govern the Gaza strip and further poses no threat. In response to it, all the councils gathered and emphasized the ceasefire by pressuring the UN Security Council against the Israeli brutalities and mass killings in Palestine. The OIC has raised its voice in its session on countering Israel’s disinformation campaign over Gaza. In addition, the Arab League put great emphasis on promoting the Palestine issue and boycotting Israel, and it opposed the UN partition plan.Furthermore, the GCC has reacted to the outbreak of violence in Gaza and criticized Israel’s mass crimes and continued construction of settlements in the occupied Palestinian territories, which was in clear violation of international legitimacy resolutions, including UN Security Council Resolution No. 234. These have faced challenges such as the division of Arab states over Palestinian causes and the failure to adopt a ceasefire resolution. Therefore, they all played a great role and contributed to a significant role in the Palestinian conflict.
An overview of OIC, Arab League, and GCC
The organization, OIC, worked on the Muslim world’s side to protect Muslims’ rights and promote peace, security, and harmony among the world’s people. It has included 57 member states. Moreover, the Arab League is an organization of 22 Arab countries. It shares a common interest with the UN, fostering efforts that prove helpful in resorting to stability, and it has the tendency to resolve grave disputes with camaraderie and unity. Last, GCC has six Gulf member states. Its objectives include maintaining coordination, integration, and interconnection between member states.
What are the roles of OIC, the Arab League, and GCC in the current Middle East crisis?
A- Positive Roles of 0IC, Arab League, and GCC
- ✓ Positive Role of OIC
First, countering Israel’s disinformation campaign over Gaza was the main focus of the extraordinary session of OIC. According to Fahrettin Alton, the Turkish Communist Director and member of the OIC, Israel is continually engaging in various war crimes and committing war crimes by going against international law, including forced land acquisition, ethnic cleansing, and intentional targeting of civilians. Israel’s actions are contrary to the Geneva Convention, the Rome Statute, and the Hague Convention. We have to illuminate Israel’s atrocity, genocide, and war crimes in Gaza and the whole of Palestine, no matter what difficulties we face. Besides, the OIC has held an extraordinary session in Istanbul on fighting against spreading disinformation about Israel’s slaughter of Gaza. The OIC highlighted that Israel is simultaneously accelerating its disinformation activities by using its influence on global media organizations. Israel is using every means, including propaganda and distortion of facts, to cover its war and crimes against humanity. One of our responsibilities as members of the Islamic Organization is to prevent lies from obscuring the truth. The OIC has called on Islamic nations to do more before it is too late. OIC has gathered all the Islamic states on one platform to curtail Israel and its mass crimes against innocent Palestinians.
Second, the OIC demonstrated solidarity and support for the Palestinian people, demanding the implementation of the resolution in the General Assembly and emphasising fundamental rights. It must be protected under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the UN General Assembly. The dehumanization of Palestinians is not acceptable. OIC Ambassador Mansour says, “The Security Council cannot collaborate.” Nevertheless, we will continue to knock on the door of the Security Council to maintain international peace and prevent Israeli crimes. It has been determined that the account of events on October 7 is inaccurate. When considering the situation from this perspective, the underlying cause remains unknown, resulting in an ongoing destructive pattern and further loss of innocent lives. The United Nations Security Council must respond with resolute measures to address the cruel actions carried out by Israel. An immediate ceasefire must be declared. It is the OIC who demanded a ceasefire in response to Palestinians.
- ✓Positive Role of Arab League
The Arab League is currently deliberating on strategies to address the Israeli aggression towards the Gaza Strip, which encompasses considering a potential boycott of Israel. The Arab emphasized its full support in favour of Palestinians, hence enhancing preserving the sites in Gaza and condemning Israeli use of violence and its blockade of Gaza. As Secretary Ahmed Aboul, who is entirely against the UN partition plan, stated, the policies of the Israelis are like a ticking bomb that deprives the region of opportunities for stability. The organization played an important role in promoting the stance of Palestinians in the General Assembly and raised the voices of all members against the mass crimes of Israel. In consideration of it, he condemns the international double standard. In a nutshell, the Arab League acts as a security dilemma against Israel, and it has a strengthened identity in countering Israel’s aggression in Gaza.
- ✓Positive Role of GCC
The Gulf Cooperation Council meeting brought leaders of six nations to the negotiating table in Doha. All members condemn Israel’s actions in Gaza and other occupied territories in Palestine. According to Tamim Bin Hamad, Qatari Emir, we call on the UN Security Council and especially its permanent members to fulfil their duty to stop this vicious war and bring Israel back to the negotiating table. The Palestinian issue must be resolved with a two-state solution by international law. Moreover, Turkiye emphasized that the Netanyahu administration is endangering the security and future of the entire region of Gaza and forced the UN to take action against Israel’s war crimes in Gaza.
B- Negative Roles of 0IC, Arab League, and GCC
- ✓Negative Role of OIC
OIC has failed to promote unity as Arab Nations are divided over Israel. Saudi Arabia acts as the de facto leader of the Muslim world. It appears that Saudi Arabia, along with the UAE and seven other countries, have rejected the suggestions to cut ties with Israel. Moreover, Iran and Syria have put forward the idea of severing relations with Israel. Leaders from the Islamic and Arab worlds have gathered in Riyadh against the Israeli brutalities in Gaza, calling to end the war and demanding the Security Council decide on imposing a cessation of aggression on the clave. However, Saudi Arabia has appeared as the de facto leader of the Muslim world. It seems Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and seven others refuse the proposal to sever ties with Israel. Syria proposed severing relations with Israel. Turkiye demands decisive action and slams the UN Security Council Summit. They want to take decisive action, but there is a divide in the Arab nation.
- ✓Negative Role of Arab League
Arab League and Neorealism, which reflect a regional divide in friendly ties with Israel, UAE and Bahrain, have initiated the process of normalizing their relations with Israel, primarily driven by military and economic considerations. In contrast, Iran and Syria have chosen not to cooperate for unity. This highlights that the Arab League has not been pushing for a ceasefire in Gaza, as the Arab League failed to prove its standards in the UN as it strived hard to establish its stance. Still, the division between the member states had created Israelis to commit crimes and human assault—furthermore, violations of international laws and the dubious role standards adopted in front of the world.
- ✓Negative Role of GCC
GCC claimed its regret over the failure of the UN to adopt a resolution seeking a ceasefire. Alay Ahmed Saif Al-Thani, the GCC’s spokeswoman and Qatar’s permanent envoy at the UN emphasized that the resolution aimed at ending the war on Gaza, ensuring the protection of Palestinians, and being consistent with international humanitarian law, but GCC countries denounce the failure of the UN to recognize Palestine as a state. GCC has not played its role to its full potential as the member states are not committed to the policy of one Palestine and have started diplomatic ties with Israel. This division has affected the GCC mission.
Conclusion
Despite numerous challenges, these organizations have contributed to the ceasefire in Gaza. Their crucial role was to maintain peace and stability in the Palestinian region. Their significant contribution was promoting the stance of Palestine in the UN Security Council against the brutalities and mass killings of Israel, and they displayed the brutal picture of Israel on a global stage. Therefore, they have arranged conferences and highlighted the Palestinian cause, giving Palestinians full membership in the UN. It is high time to demonstrate that a military solution is not the permanent solution to the issues between Israel and Palestine. It is recommended that all organizations make policies and political actions more reliable to acquire an effective mechanism.
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