Present a Detailed Analysis of the Steps Taken by The Holy Prophet (PBUH) for Community And Formation of Society.

PMS 2021 Solved Islamiat Past Papers | The Steps Taken by The Holy Prophet (PBUH) for Community

The following question of PMS Islamiat 2021 is solved by Miss Ayesha Irfan, the highest scorer in CSS Islamiat. Moreover, the question is attempted using the same pattern taught by Sir Syed Kazim Ali to his students, who have scored the highest marks in compulsory subjects for years. This solved past paper question is uploaded to help aspirants understand how to crack a topic or question, write relevantly, what coherence is, and how to include and connect ideas, opinions, and suggestions to score the maximum.

Question Breakdown

The examiner asked about a thorough examination of the actions taken by the Holy Prophet (PBUH) to foster community and the development of society in this particular question. However, the question will be attempted in appropriate paragraph form with a strong argument from the Quran or Sunnah in order to receive a good grade.

Outline

1-Introduction

2-A survey of Madinah and Makah’s pre-Islamic society (Moral decline and societal discord)

3- What steps did the Holy Prophet(PBUH) take to form a community and society?

• ✓Migration to Medina (Hijra)
• ✓ Establishment of a fraternal relationship (Muwakhat e Madinah)
• ✓The constitution of Medina (Meesaq-e-Medina- a legal and moral framework)
• ✓ Masjid al-Nabwi’s establishment as a community center
• ✓Foster diplomatic ties and alliances
• ✓Prioritizing education and tolerance
• ✓ Women’s empowerment and rights advocacy
• ✓ Establishment of a Collective Consultation and Responsibility through Shura

4-Critical analysis

5-Conclusion

Answer to the Question

Introduction

The Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) embarked on a revolutionary quest to guide humanity toward justice, morality, and the worship of a single God. Arabia was marked by social injustice, tribal strife, and moral decay before the arrival of Islam. Tribal divisions, socioeconomic disparities, and oppressive traditions were commonplace. By encouraging harmony, compassion, and respect for one another, the Prophet (PBUH) sought to change society. His deeds and teachings inspired a community based on equality, moral values, and shared accountability. Under his leadership, a divided society was transformed into one community guided by ethical and spiritual ideas, establishing social welfare, religious tolerance, and justice concepts that continue to influence people today.

A Survey of Madinah and Makah’s pre-Islamic Society (Moral Decline and Societal Discord)

Arabs had religious ideas and practices before the advent of Islam. The moon, the sun, and the morning star were among the various objects that the Arabs venerated. Even before Islam gained prominence, Mecca was a significant religious and commercial hub. Roughly 360 idols encircle the Ka‘ba, and Mecca has become the site of yearly pilgrimages and sacrifices. Arabian civilization was divided by class inequalities, tribal relationships, and a lack of a standard moral code before the arrival of Islam. Tribal conflicts were common, and acts of retaliation maintained cycles of violence. In addition to widespread idol worship, social injustices like mistreatment of women, contempt for orphans, and exploitation of the poor were also commonplace. Moral decay and economic disparity weakened the community’s togetherness and promoted a culture driven by injustice, power struggles, and material gain. Without a unified moral and spiritual basis, a disorderly, disjointed society empty of empathy, fairness, and a sense of collective accountability resulted.

What steps did the Holy Prophet(PBUH) take to form a community and society?

“We have sent down to you the Book in truth that you might judge between men, as guided by Allah.” (Al-Nisa: 105)

• Migration to Medina (Hijra)

An important turning point in the development of Islam was the Hijra, or migration, to Medina in 622 CE. When the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his companions fled Mecca due to severe persecution, they found refuge in Medina, where they were free to freely profess their faith. This diaspora laid the groundwork for a Muslim community that prioritized equality, justice, and kindness. Muslims, Jews, and pagan people coexisted in Medina under a social compact that recognized different religious beliefs while ensuring that everyone had the same rights and responsibilities. The Prophet (PBUH) transformed Medina into a diversified civilization by encouraging cooperation between many communities and educating as a symbol of social cohesion and religious acceptance.

•  Establishment of a fraternal relationship (Muwakhat e Madinah)

Wisdom and knowledge given beyond its time

Describing experiences with you (PBUH) only as sublime

The trees and rocks honour your(PBUH)  stature.

Witnessing the love and blessings you(PBUH) capture

(By Sidi Musa Burki)

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) took a crucial step in promoting social cohesiveness in the recently established Islamic community in Medina by establishing the Bond of Brotherhood (Muwakhat). The Prophet paired the local Medinians (Ansar) with the migrants (Muhajireen) from Mecca by assigning each migrant an Ansar as a sibling, fostering close personal bonds of cooperation and support. This promoted respect for one another and group responsibility in addition to providing the Muhajireen with the financial stability they needed. Through the removal of social and tribal barriers, the Muwakhat strengthened unity in the face of diversity and promoted a cohesive community based on equality, brotherhood, and shared values.

• The constitution of Medina (Meesaq-e-Medina- a legal and moral framework)

A critical document that Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) established to encourage harmony and equity among Medina’s many groups was the Medina Constitution (Meesaq-e-Medina). It promoted harmony and respect for one another by outlining the rights and obligations of Muslims, Jews, and pagan people. The value of peaceful cohabitation was emphasized in the constitution, which included provisions for collective defence in times of conflict, guarantees of religious freedom for all groups, and encouragement of economic cooperation. As,

“From love’s plectrum arises

the song of the String of life

Love is the light of life

love is the fire of life.”

― Allama Iqbal

This charter outlined the framework for resolving disputes, ensuring social justice, and promoting collaboration across groups to build a diverse and cohesive Medina society.

• Masjid al-Nabwi’s establishment as a community centre

In 622 AD, the Prophet Muhammad constructed Masjid al-Nabawi as a community hub, legal tribunal, and spiritual school. The Prophet would give the Friday sermon and instruct them on the Quran from the mosque’s podium. Additionally, it featured three doors: Bāb an-Nisā, Bāb Jibrīl, and Bāb ar-Raḥmah. The Prophet enlarged the mosque following the Battle of Khaybar in 628 CE. Three columns were built along the west wall as part of the extension, and these became the site of worship. Muslims flock to mosques, which are the hub of their communities, to pay and receive zakat. Masjid al-Nabwi contributed substantially to the development of a cohesive, well-organized society by bringing together all aspects of communal life, including spiritual, social, and political.

• Foster diplomatic ties and alliances

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was a skilled diplomat who understood the value of alliance-building in fostering peace and stability. By forming strategic alliances with nearby tribes, he fostered mutual respect and cooperation. The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah in 628 CE, a peace agreement with the Quraysh of Mecca, was a significant diplomatic achievement that allowed for a period of peace and aided in the spread and expansion of Islam. The deal demonstrated the Prophet’s (PBUH) diplomatic acumen while also providing a break in hostilities. Additionally, his diplomatic efforts went beyond confrontation, spreading a message of cooperation, mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence across diverse populations, as seen by the Pledges at al-Aqabah, letters to other prominent leaders, and diplomatic relations with other leaders through envoys.

• Prioritizing education and tolerance

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized the value of knowledge because he saw it as the cornerstone of both individual and collective growth. He stressed the value of knowledge for moral, intellectual, and spiritual development and exhorted both men and women to seek it out. “Pursuing knowledge is a duty for every Muslim,” he (PBUH) said, emphasizing the importance of education on a worldwide scale. Under his leadership, Medina developed into a centre of learning where intellectual, ethical, and religious knowledge flourished. Additionally, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) established a community in which social harmony depended on religious variety and tolerance. Non-Muslims, including Jews and other tribes, were guaranteed their rights and freedoms in Medina, along with protection for their lives, property, and traditions.

• Women’s rights advocacy

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was a brilliant diplomat who understood the value of alliance-building in fostering peace and stability. Eliminating infanticide and establishing clear rights for women were two aspects of Muhammad’s legacy. Islam holds that women and men are equal in God’s eyes. Inheritance, property, social, and marital rights, including the ability to refuse a proposal and file for divorce, are all granted to women by divine decree. For instance, according to the Quran (Surah 42: Ash-Shura: 21), “No one other than God can limit human freedom”. Jabir ibn Abdullah reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Fear Allah regarding women. Verily, you have taken them as a trust from Allah, and intercourse has been made lawful by the word of Allah. Your rights over them are that they do not let anyone in the house you dislike. If they do so,  you may strike them without violence. Their rights over you are that you provide for them and clothe them in a reasonable manner.”Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 1218. Thus, His teachings laid the groundwork for women’s rights in society and attempted to counteract the injustices that they encountered.  

• Establishment of a Collective Consultation and Responsibility through Shura

The foundation of the government structure established by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was the idea of Shura or consultation. He emphasized the value of group decision-making, where leadership and problem-solving required conversations with peers and community members. Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “One who is consulted is in a position of trust.”Sunan al-Tirmidhī 2822. By facilitating collaborative decision-making and encouraging participatory government, this approach made sure that the interests and opinions of the community were taken into consideration.

Critical Analysis

By promoting candid communication and mutual consultation, the holy prophet unquestionably established an unparalleled society that values inclusivity, Mesaq e Madinah, brotherhood, human rights, and shared solutions. Medina appears to have been a peaceful city because of the innovations of Prophet Muhammad. Nonetheless, the well-being of all citizens, equality, and justice were the cornerstones upon which the Madina state was founded. Justice for all, compassion and unity, and consultative decision-making are the three pillars of the Madina.

Conclusion

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) had a tremendous influence on community development through his efforts, which embodied his vision of an inclusive, morally upright, and ethical society. He laid the foundation for a cohesive community based on justice, compassion, and respect for one another through his teachings and actions. His ideas of social fairness, empowerment, religious tolerance, and participatory governance continue to serve as a foundation for contemporary communities and inspire other countries to adopt them. A long-lasting foundation for creating communities that prioritize harmony, dignity, and moral principles, the Prophet’s (PBUH) example promotes peace and well-being for all.

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