CSS 2025 Solved Islamiat Past Papers | The Importance of Makarim Akhlaq (noble morals)
The following question of CSS Islamiat 2025 is solved by Miss Ayesha Irfan, the highest scorer in CSS Islamiat. Moreover, the question is attempted using the same pattern taught by Sir Syed Kazim Ali to his students, who have scored the highest marks in compulsory subjects for years. This solved past paper question is uploaded to help aspirants understand how to crack a topic or question, write relevantly, what coherence is, and how to include and connect ideas, opinions, and suggestions to score the maximum.
Question Breakdown
The examiner has asked to describe the importance of makarim akhlaq (noble morals). After highlighting the importance of makarim akhlaq (noble morals) in establishing social peace, this question is divided into two sub-parts. First, you have to describe the significance of makarim akhlaq (noble morals) and highlight the importance of makarim akhlaq (noble morals) in establishing social peace. Second, describe the messenger of Allah to complete these morals. Finally, end your answer with a critical analysis and a conclusion.
Outline
1-Introduction
2-Meaning and significance of Makarim Akhlaq
3–Importance of Makarim Akhlaq in Establishing Social Peace
- ✓Promotion of love and brotherhood
- ✓Prevention of social corruption and conflict
- ✓Enhancement of honesty and Trustworthiness
- ✓Development of a trust-based society
- ✓Establishment of Justice and Equity
4-The Role of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) in Perfecting Makarim Akhlaq
- ✓Testimony to the highest moral values
- ✓Practical demonstrations of noble character
- ✓Prophetic sayings on the importance of good character
- ✓Implementation of ethical principles in society
- ✓Encouragement of reconciliation
5-Critical Analysis
6-Conclusion
Answer to the Question
Introduction
A just and peaceful community is built on the foundation of makarim akhlaq, or noble values. Honesty, tolerance, compassion, and fairness are examples of ethical qualities that create peace, avoid conflict, and uphold respect for one another. In Islam, having excellent character is a divine mandate necessary for the welfare of the individual and the community. It is not just a social virtue. The Quran strongly emphasizes morality as a way to guarantee justice and kindness in interpersonal relationships. Social harmony can be achieved only when people maintain their integrity and treat others with decency and respect. A tranquil society is based on noble principles (Makarim Akhlaq), which shape justice, kindness, and trust. Communities deteriorate, and disputes intensify in their absence. Islam not only promotes moral behaviour but also makes it mandatory.
Meaning of Makarim Akhlaq
The ultimate ideals of moral perfection that influence a person’s personality and relationships with others are referred to as Makarim Akhlaq. The Arabic terms “Makarim” (noble or honourable) and “Akhlaq” (morals or ethics) are its roots, and it stands for qualities like justice, compassion, humility, honesty, and patience. Nonetheless, character development is emphasized in the Quran and Hadith as a primary goal of faith; the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is said to have said, “I was sent to perfect noble morals” (Musnad Ahmad). These ideals foster peace in society by encouraging respect, justice, and consideration for one another. Makarim Akhlaq encourages people to preserve justice, assist people experiencing poverty, and keep the peace, going beyond personal behaviour to include societal duty. Essentially, the moral compass directs Christians toward successful spiritual lives and ethical behaviour.
Importance of Makarim Akhlaq in Establishing Social Peace
- Promotion of love and brotherhood
A peaceful and harmonious society depends on the development of love and fraternity, which Makarim Akhlaq plays a vital role in promoting. People who exhibit compassion, patience, and honesty foster togetherness and respect for one another, lessening tensions and differences. The Quran reflects Islam’s great emphasis on the value of moral character in fostering social ties. For instance, “Indeed, the believers are but brothers. So make peace between your brothers and fear Allah that you may receive mercy” (Surah Al-Hujurat 49:10). This verse highlights that noble morals are not only a social necessity but a divine command that nurtures unity among people. By practising Makarim Akhlaq, individuals contribute to a society built on mutual love, trust, and reconciliation, ultimately ensuring lasting peace and harmony.
- Prevention of social corruption and conflict
Moreover, makarim akhlaq plays a crucial role in averting societal corruption and conflict by encouraging moral conduct that respects accountability, fairness, and honesty. Morally upright people and societies behave pretty and openly, which lessens the possibility of social injustice, deception, and exploitation. The necessity of moral rectitude to prevent societal degradation is addressed in the Quran in Surah Al-Ma’idah. “And do not let the hatred of a people prevent you from being just. Be just; that is nearer to righteousness” (Surah Al-Ma’idah 5:8). This verse emphasizes that even in times of conflict, maintaining justice and moral behaviour is essential to prevent corruption and societal unrest. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) served as an example of this by encouraging reconciliation and arbitrating conflicts unbiasedly. For example, he offered a just solution to a tribal dispute during the reconstruction of the Kaaba, averting possible violence and division. Societies may foster an atmosphere where justice is upheld and conflicts are reduced by adopting Makarim Akhlaq, as the Prophet (PBUH) did.
- Enhancement of honesty and Trustworthiness
Furthermore, honesty and reliability are the cornerstones of Makarim Akhlaq, or noble character, which is essential to fostering societal harmony. These qualities are emphasized in the Quran as being necessary for a fair and peaceful society. Allah says, “Indeed, Allah commands you to render trust to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice” (Surah An-Nisa 4:58). Furthermore, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), described as “a truthful and trustworthy one” (Al-Amin), exemplified these qualities, reinforcing that integrity fosters mutual respect and societal stability. Upholding honesty and trust ensures social cohesion, preventing corruption, conflict, and distrust among individuals.
- Development of a trust-based society
Except for these, The foundation of social harmony is a trust-based society, which is fostered by Makarim Akhlaq (noble character). By promoting harmony, fairness, and collaboration, trust averts disputes and corruption. This is emphasized in the Quran, which says, “O you who have believed, do not betray Allah and the Messenger or betray your trusts while you know [the consequence]” (Surah Al-Anfal 8:27). When individuals uphold honesty and fulfil their trust, societal relationships strengthen, leading to harmony and progress. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), renowned for his integrity, set the highest standard for Trustworthiness, demonstrating that a society rooted in trust flourishes with peace and stability.
- Establishment of Justice and Equity
Moving further, establishing societal peace requires justice and equality, which are derived from Makarim Akhlaq (noble character). Fairness is guaranteed, injustice is eradicated, and respect for one another is promoted in a just society. According to the Quran, “Indeed, Allah commands justice, good conduct, and giving to relatives and forbids immorality, bad conduct, and oppression. He admonishes you that perhaps you will be reminded” (Surah An-Nahl 16:90). When justice prevails, social harmony is maintained, and conflicts are minimized. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) exemplified absolute fairness, ensuring that all individuals, regardless of status, were treated equitably, reinforcing that justice is the foundation of a peaceful and stable society.
The Role of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) in Perfecting Makarim Akhlaq
- Testimony to the highest moral values
First of all, as the pinnacle of moral excellence, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) was instrumental in the development of Makarim Akhlaq, or noble character. His goal was to improve human behaviour in addition to imparting heavenly wisdom. This was confirmed by the Prophet (PBUH), who said, “Indeed, I have been sent to perfect noble character” (Musnad Ahmad, 8952). Through his honesty, compassion, patience, and justice, he transformed societies, fostering peace, unity, and moral integrity. His exemplary character remains a guiding light, demonstrating that the highest testimony to moral values is found in his life and teachings.
- Practical demonstrations of noble character
Besides this, through practical example, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) was sent to embody the greatest moral and ethical norms in all facets of life and to develop noble character (Makarim Akhlaq). He provided humanity with an unmatched example of patience, humility, honesty, kindness, and forgiveness. He emphasized kindness even in the midst of animosity, treating both friends and enemies with fairness and compassion. This duty was confirmed by the Prophet (PBUH), who stated, “Indeed, I was sent to the perfect noble character.” (Musnad Ahmad, 8952; Al-Adab Al-Mufrad, 273). His life remains the ultimate guide for personal and societal moral excellence.
- Implementation of ethical principles in society
Moreover, a morally decaying community was transformed into one based on justice, honesty, and compassion, thanks in large part to the efforts of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). He created a framework via his teachings and deeds where social responsibility, honesty, and integrity served as the cornerstones of interpersonal and group relationships. Because he emphasized that moral behaviour is a reflection of real faith, his leadership promoted an atmosphere of trust and righteousness. According to the Prophet (PBUH), “The best among you are those who have the best character.” (Sahih al-Bukhari, 3559; Sunan al-Tirmidhi, 1162). His mission was not just to preach morality but to institutionalize it within society.
- Encouragement of reconciliation
Furthermore, reconciliation is a crucial component of developing noble character and was highly advocated by the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) as a way to promote peace, unity, and societal harmony (Makarim Akhlaq). He called on believers to restore damaged relationships and foster understanding amongst people, emphasizing the importance of settling conflicts fairly, forgivingly, and wisely. He established a timeless example for society with his compassionate and ethical approach to dispute resolution. According to the Prophet (PBUH), “Shall I not inform you of something more excellent in degree than fasting, prayer, and almsgiving? It is reconciliation between people.” (Sunan Abu Dawood, 4919; Jami` at-Tirmidhi, 2509). His life remains a guiding beacon for fostering peace and brotherhood.
Critical Analysis
It is impossible to overestimate the significance of Makarim Akhlaq (noble morals) in fostering social harmony in a society tainted by growing intolerance, social inequalities, and moral decay. Families are dissolving, communities are becoming divided, and nations are at war as a result of the dishonesty, corruption, and hatred that afflict today’s societies. The decline of moral character has led to exploitation and greed when individual interests are prioritized over the welfare of the group. The life and teachings of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) provide hope in this dire situation. If these virtues were sincerely implemented today, the cycle of conflict and division could be broken. Social peace can only be achieved when individuals prioritize ethical conduct over personal interests, mirroring the noble character perfected by the Prophet (PBUH) as a divine model for humanity.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Makarim Akhlaq (noble morals) serve as the foundation for establishing social peace, as they cultivate trust, justice, and compassion within society. In an era where moral decay has led to conflict, division, and injustice, the revival of ethical values is more urgent than ever. Honesty fosters trust, justice ensures fairness, patience prevents hostility, and forgiveness heals wounds—all essential elements for a harmonious society. History has shown that civilizations thrive when morality is upheld and collapse when it is neglected. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) not only preached these virtues but lived by them, demonstrating that true peace is achieved through character refinement. Thus, the path to lasting social peace lies in the revival of noble character, as exemplified by the Prophet (PBUH), making it not just an individual pursuit but a collective responsibility.
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