CSS Solved Islamiyat Past Paper 2019 | Prophet (PBUH) Character in the Battle Fields
The following question of Islamiat is solved by Miss Ayesha Irfan, the highest scorer in CSS Islamiat. Moreover, the question is attempted on the same pattern taught by Sir Syed Kazim Ali to his students, scoring the highest marks in compulsory subjects for years. This solved past paper question is uploaded to help aspirants understand how to crack a topic or question, how to write relevantly, what coherence is, and how to include and connect ideas, opinions, and suggestions to score the maximum.
Question Breakdown
The examiner asked about an appropriate reaction to the Holy Prophet’s leadership on the battlefield. However, providing an in-depth summary of the military doctrines established by the Prophet Muhammad is necessary if you want to excel in Islamic studies. Furthermore, the Holy Prophet’s leadership qualities in combat would elevate people’s expectations for their responses. Referring to the combat occurrences from the life of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) helps clarify this section.
Outline
1- Introduction
2- Military doctrines established by the Holy Prophet
3- A brief overview of the character of the Holy Prophet on the battlefields as commander.
- 3.1- Had a Strong belief in Allah
- 3.2- Changed the philosophy of war
- 3.3- A Stagnant Personality of Courage
- 3.4- Overwhelmingly confident and steadfastness
- 3.5- Focused on Minimum human loss
- 3.6- Achieved Outstanding achievements
- 3.7- Focused on Espionage and surveillance of enemy
4- Conclusion
Answer to the Question
Introduction
The Prophet Muhammad demonstrated exceptional leadership and war skills. He (PBUH) offered outstanding examples of spiritual and practical knowledge. The final ten years of the beloved Muhammad’s (PBUH) life were spent in the military, from 622 to 632. This implies that people must assess his military leadership qualities, war goals, and strategies during the process. He was more savage than Muslims when it came to Allah’s enemies. For instance, the Quran says that “The Messenger of Allah is very kind to followers and strict against non-believers”. He oversaw more than 27 conflicts and won them all, turning the backward Arabs into a civilized nation and a significant force in the world. Their companies assumed the responsibility of guarding and assisting Humanity.
Military doctrines established by the Holy Prophet
Every battle in the Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) life includes a variety of military manoeuvres. All aspects of life are encompassed in the Holy Prophet’s (PBUH) life, making him an example for Humanity. Apart from his other competencies, he (PBUH) was a military strategist who gave the best wisdom and sagacity. Throughout his life, Muhammad (PBUH) showed exceptional military leadership abilities to protect Muslims and the emerging Islamic state. Even before he founded the kingdom of Madinah, He (PBUH) understood the importance of military training for the Makkah Muslims who were subject to oppression from unbelievers. Quraysh was adamantly against the Muslims moving to Madinah in 622 AD, but the Prophet (PBUH) permitted them to proceed. The Prophet went to Madinah with Hazrat Abu Bakar as well.
“He must be called the saviour of Humanity. I believe that if a man like him were to assume the dictatorship of the modern world, he would succeed in solving its problem in a way that would bring it much-needed peace and happiness.”
(George Bernard Shaw)
A brief overview of the character of the Holy Prophet in the Battle Fields as commander
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) fought in several battles, showing Courage and more extraordinary military ability each time. He (PBUH) preached that it was preferable to become a martyr than to retreat from the battle and consistently led the Muslims from the front.
- Carried a Strong belief in Allah
Humbly and modestly, the Prophet (PBUH) saw victory as a gift and a blessing from Allah Almighty. The only things that led to this mindset were faith, trust, and a strong sense of morality. For instance, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) faced 1000 Qurashi troops at the Battle of Badr, although he only had 313 men. However, because of the Holy Prophet’s strong faith in Allah, Allah gave him strategic advantages and enabled him to win this war. Allah says in the Quran, “Indeed, there was a sign for you in the two armies that met in battle—one fighting for the cause of Allah and the other in denial. The believers saw their enemy twice their number. But Allah supports with His victory whoever He wills. Surely, this is a lesson for people of insight”.Moreover, upon his triumphal entry into Makkah, the Prophet (PBUH) lowered his head low on the hump of his horse, expressing his thankfulness to Allah Almighty, His Creator.
- Changed the philosophy of war
Verily, Islam is a comprehensive guide to life. The will of Allah was the driving force behind all the laws and decrees established by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The Prophet (PBUH) established several tenets, such as the virtues of purpose, persistence, patience, effort, discipline, obedience, and prayers. The Holy Prophet has established new war regulations for the first time in Arab history. For instance, He put this army of a few troops in order and allocated them to one another as he left Madinah and headed for Badar to repel the unbelievers’ onslaught. He appointed the administrator at Madinah to fill in for him before leaving for Badar. As He (PBUH) departed with his army, he designated a small group of individuals to act as an intelligence agency, gathering information before you arrive at different locations and keeping you updated at all times. This idea of keeping information about the enemy’s whereabouts hidden served as the foundation for contemporary warfare theories and aided in professional military and military planning.
- A stagnant personality of Courage
The Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) used to act like a brave warrior soldier or lion ready to attack his prey during battle. For instance, Hazrat Ali (RA) said that, during the war, whenever circumstances took an unprecedented turn, the mujahid used to look towards the bold and confident attitude of the Prophet and gain Courage. Moreover, at the battle’s peak, he displayed extraordinary daring and nerves and moved as close as possible to the enemy to overwhelm him. All his Mujahideen would then gain Courage and aspire to follow his example. Moreover, The Prophet (peace be upon him) had incomparable bravery, as demonstrated by a courageous event that occurred during combat. When the Companions were overwhelmed by the enemy and escaped during the Battle of Hunayn, the Prophet (PBUH), the army’s commander, stayed by himself and rode a horse through the battlefield, speaking aloud as he went, “I am the Prophet; this is no lie. I am the son of Abu Al-Muttalib. Until one of the Companions said, “I did not see anyone that day who was more courageous than the Prophet(PBUH)”. Thus, bravery was ingrained in the Prophet’s heart; he (PBUH) behaved courageously and without fear or hesitation. His bravery was evident in several situations, the most significant of which was when he objected to oppression and stood up to it fearlessly
- Overwhelmingly confident and steadfast
Islam has flourished as a result of ongoing conflict and the crimes committed by heretics and unbelievers. It was mandated for the Muslims to start acting aggressively and to equip themselves for preservation. Thirty-five times throughout his life, the Prophet of Islam was called upon to take up weapons to fight forced wars, settle feuds, avenge the aggressor, and march to quell the risers. The Prophet personally commanded small yet spiritually powerful armies in around six minor fights during a twenty-three-year period while participating in twenty-six acts of jihad. They believed in Allah and lived, fought, and died in obedience to uphold His ways. For instance, Allah says, “Allah surely helps those who help him (his cause); surely Allah is strong, mighty”. Moreover, The Prophet (PBUH) is shown to be courageous even during the most trying time in Muslim history—the battle of Uhud, where the enemy defeated the Muslims. When he encountered Ubayy ibn Khalaf, he told him, “I will either kill Prophet Muhammad, or I will be killed.”So the people said, “Oh, Messenger of Allah, do you mind if one of us confronts him?” Allah’s Messenger said, “Leave him alone.” However, as the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) approached, Al-Harith ibn As-Simmah gave him a spear. Raising the spear high, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) declared his impending assault.” We flew away from him like flies on a camel’s back fly away when it rises,” added the companion. Then, turning to confront Ubayy ibn Khalaf, the Prophet (PBUH) repeatedly stabbed him in the neck with such force that Ubayy tumbled off his horse and repeatedly rolled. While returning to Mecca, Ubayy ibn Khalaf died. Thus, the holy Prophet constantly emanated immense confidence and steadfastness in every dispute and throughout difficult times.
- Focused on Minimum human loss
Nevertheless, the fact that the holy Prophet (PBUH) fought in every battle shows that peace was his primary goal. Among these events are the takeover of Makkah, the pact of Hudaibiya, and the trench battle. For example, when Jews rallied against Muslims in the Battle of Trench, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) proposed excavating a trench around Madinah. The Confederate army tried to breach the trench but was consistently unsuccessful. The Muslim force was protected from the Confederate army by the trench. Thus, Because of his (PBBUH) strategic military prowess, there has been minimal bloodshed and human losses in any of the ghazwas.
- Achieved Outstanding achievements
The Holy Prophet was the epitome of peace and kindness. Even Abu Sufyan, his sworn adversary, was someone he showed compassion and sympathy for, and he (PBUH)never missed a chance to provide forgiveness. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said he forgives the enormous retaliation. The beloved Prophet(PBUH) was a model citizen, a fearless warrior, a breaker of idols, a prudent leader, a womanizer, a cleaner of faith, and an iconoclast. For instance, at Makkah’s conquest, Aurther Gilman said, “To his great credit (Muḥammad), he refrained his soldiers from shedding any blood and expressed gratitude to Allah for his kindness with utmost humility”. Thus, it will be remembered that the last Prophet, a born orphan who was never given the chance to pursue studies in science, law, politics, administration, or the arts, yet received all Divine education and wisdom from the Knower, the Wise! He demonstrated he was an excellent judge, commander, administrator, trainer, and mentor.
- Focused on Espionage and surveillance of enemy
The Prophet is unquestionably an experienced military tactician, yet these tactics include some precautions centring on adversary observation and Espionage. Through Ghazwat, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) destroyed evil and established peace. Learning the Ibrani language was Hazrat Zaid’s (RA) instruction to discover the nefarious intentions of the Jews. Likewise, Hazrat Abu Bakar (RA) employed the tactics of the Toria, wherein words with multiple meanings are used. Security in an intelligence system refers to safeguarding your plans, secrets, weapons, and other information so the opponent cannot access or destroy it. Counterintelligence refers to measures to counter the enemy’s Espionage, subversion, sabotage, and other similar actions.
Conclusion
In a nutshell, the Holy Prophet’s leadership on the battlefield demonstrated that establishing peace, promoting equality, and advancing Islam worldwide were the primary goals of these battles. Nevertheless, the historical records of the prophets’ wartime tactics—such as those at the Battle of Badr, Battle of Uhd, Battle of Trench, Treaty of Hudaibiya, and Conquest of Makkah—are preserved in golden words. Thus, in every aspect of the Prophet’s life—whether on the battlefield or otherwise—one can see the magnificence of stability, peace, harmony, and Humanity.
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