CSS 2010 Solved Current Affairs Past Paper | Liberhan Commission Report
The following question of CSS Current Affairs 2010 is solved by Sir Ammar Hashmi, the best Current Affairs Coach, on the guided pattern of Sir Syed Kazim Ali, which he taught to his students, scoring the highest marks in compulsory subjects for years. This solved past paper question is uploaded to help aspirants understand how to crack a topic or question, write relevantly, what coherence is, and how to include and connect ideas, opinions, and suggestions to score the maximum.
Question breakdown
This question requires an analysis of the Liberhan Commission Report.
Outline
1-Introduction
2-Purpose and Establishment of the Liberhan Commission
3-Key Findings and Conclusions of the Report
- ✓Blame on the BJP and RSS for orchestrating the demolition
- ✓Failure of government and law enforcement to prevent the incident
- ✓17 years of investigation, report submitted in 2009
4-Political and Societal Impacts
- ✓Widespread political controversy and public debate
- ✓No significant legal action despite serious accusations
- ✓Increased communal tensions between Hindus and Muslims
5-Critical Analysis
6-Conclusion
Answer to the Question
Introduction
The commission, known as the Liberhan Ayodhya Commission, is a committee established by the Government of India in December 1992 to inquire into the events that involved the Babri Masjid demolition that fuelled intensive Hindu-Muslim riots in the country. With Justice M. S. Liberhan at its helm, the commission’s report was to identify the reasons and responsibility for the occurrence of the tragedy. In 17 years, it looked at multiple political personalities and institutions. It concluded that the Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) and its affiliate, the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), were behind the destruction but attributed failures to the government and police systems. Although the report did not lead to the abovementioned cases to the degree of substantial legal proceedings, it triggered a political discussion and public interest. The findings made by the commission have further directly contributed to the bitterness in the inter-community political relations in India and have further amplified the fact that the problems arising out of communal issues are not easy to sort out in a secular democracy. In conclusion, the Liberhan Commission Report reveals precisely the obstacles to delivering justice and, more particularly, reconciliation following communal violence.
Purpose and Establishment of the Liberhan Commission
Following the initial shock of the Babri Masjid demolition, the Indian government recognized the need for an in-depth investigation into the circumstances surrounding the event, leading to the establishment of the Liberhan Commission. The Liberhan Commission was set up on December 16, 1992, barely within one week of the humiliating demolition of the Babri Masjid, the sole aim of which was to find out the circumstances that led to the concurrence of the act and everyone involved in it. The commission was under the head of Justice M. S. Liberhan, who was responsible for carrying out an extensive investigation, for which it was provided for three months. However, this was because the issues in question were indeed complex, and the common tendency towards delays, which in turn led to an overall process of approximately 17 years. During this time, the commission sought to question prominent political leaders, activists and police on these riots to establish why they happened and how much pre-planning there was towards the demolition. When the report was submitted in 2009, it became one of India’s most prolonged and heated investigations. It expressed the interest of the public and politicians in revealing the truth about this event, which was disagreeable to society. In other words, the objective of the Liberhan Commission was not only to place the blame but also to raise awareness of a crisis and to call for justice as well as the protection of the secular nature of India.
Key Findings and Conclusions of the Report
- ✓ Blame on the BJP and RSS for orchestrating the demolition
The Liberhan Commission brought out many aspects that formed the basis of discussions and the political implications of the Babri Masjid demolition. One of the key findings was that the BJP and the RSS leaders, the conspirators of the Babri Masjid demolition, were held guilty in the Liberhan Commission Report. The report attributed the figures of L K Advani and Murli Manohar Joshi with the support of the demolition and found them guilty of inciting the event. With this allegation, the BJP and RSS found themselves at the centre of what many described as a well-planned act of destroying the mosque for political and ideological gains. Due to the apparent shift of blame on these targeted entities, the report became the source of much political controversy because it painted a picture of these organisations as actively involved in the planning and execution of the demolition.
- ✓ Failure of government and law enforcement in preventing the incident
Besides naming BJP and RSS leaders, the Liberhan Commission Report blamed the central and state governments for insufficient efforts to prevent the demolition. It pointed out that the administration and the law enforcement agencies had all the intelligence and warning of the looming threat, while at the same time requiring intervention to prevent aggravation of the situation. The report noted a failure of preparedness, poor protection that failed to stop the demolition and a reactive approach that did not prevent the demolition. The report also said that this inaction was one big dereliction of duty that put into question the discharge of political leadership and the law enforcement agencies’ ability to maintain public order.
- ✓ 17 years of investigation, report submitted in 2009
The Liberhan Commission started its proceedings in detail in 1992, and after a lengthy investigation of 17 years, it presented its report in 2009. Nevertheless, this made the process last longer, which was seen as a disadvantage since the report would no longer be as valuable. Nonetheless, owing to the fact that the information remains released and analysed much later, the possibility of the states attracting public attention and consequent legal reactions, even with as many leading actors as possible, is relatively shallow. Thus, in this long period, many questions emerged about whether investigative commissions can provide timely justice. Therefore, the report offered useful information about the events, and consequently, it concentrated on the issue, which elicited relatively negligible outcomes. As was said, it was read more as an existential journey into the previous time.
Political and Societal Impacts
- ✓A. Widespread political controversy and public debate
The release of the Liberhan Commission Report created intense political controversy and solid public debate. Political parties strongly reacted to the accusations against the BJP and RSS leaders with either a defence or a pretext for attacking opponents. The BJP and its supporters said the report was biased, while opposition parties, including the Congress, used the findings to accuse the BJP of being undemocratic and anti-secular. This issue exposed the massive political polarization in India beyond being a tool of the political mainstream to stay in power.
- ✓ No significant legal action despite serious accusations
Moreover, although the Liberhan Commission Report brought severe charges against the culprits, there were never enough actual legal proceedings to match its allegations. This inaction produced public frustration and disheartenment, as more people confessed that they expected the report to trigger concrete responsibility for the incidents linked to the Babri Masjid demolition. The mere legal consequences on corrupt officials are insufficient, and the preservation of high-ranking officials’ investors further strengthens the impression of selective justice, which can face problems in its judicial system if claimed in politically charged cases. However, the report, on the one hand, brought the culprit to the public, but on the other hand, totally disappointed the public by not implementing it. As a result, the report just eroded the public trust in the country’s judicial system.
- ✓ Increased communal tensions between Hindus and Muslims
Apart from no legal action against the report, the Liberhan Commission Report angered the Indian public by naming political and religious leaders while revitalizing old enmities throughout the country. To the surprise of many, by pointing at different issues, the report’s objectives were to bring clarity, but instead provoked multiple new cycles of arguments between Hindus and Muslims. India experienced serious riots after the Babri Masjid demolition incident, and up to the time the report was published, much had been done. For instance, the Gujarati Hindu-Muslim communal conflict of 2002, in which nearly a thousand people are said to have died. Contrary to expectations, it did not provide a connection across society to aggravate the societal divide; the absence of legal recommendations continues the social rift and enhances community anger and suspicion. This was typical of dealing with the past communal conflicts in India, for which the report underlined the challenge of seeking real compensation and drawing a clear separation.
Critical Analysis
To critically analyse, the Liberhan Commission Report was investigated over 17 years and scrutinized and debated. The report also fiercely accused prominent political parties like the BJP and grassroots regional parties such as the RSS and their leadership of organising the demolition of the Babri Masjid. Though the report named those responsible, the legal impact weakened because there were no substantive legal consequences. The Commission has faced criticism that its investigations merely assemble recommendations rather than enhancing better inter-community relations or changes in legal order. The paper has also illuminated failures by the state and law enforcement agencies to tackle inter-communal violence and highlighted fundamental weaknesses. Nevertheless, observers suggest that the investigation should have been faster, and there should have been less effort devoted to deadlines, so that the urgency and relevance of its findings were not spoiled. It sadly adds to further fragmentation of the already fractious Indian society, reinforcing certain communal fault lines of some who claim the thrust of the report was to hold the state and its agencies accountable and toward reconciliation rather than deepening it. This analysis demonstrates the difficulties of government commissions moving to meaningful change absent clear, enforceable outcomes and transparent processes.
Conclusion
To conclude, the Liberhan Commission Report ended with serious charges thrown against political parties, first against the BJP and RSS for having orchestrated the Babri Masjid demolition. It also noted that the government and law enforcement agencies had failed to stop the incident. However, despite these considerations, the report did not cause decisions to be made that invited the action of prosecution. The report was published within a politically relevant turmoil that also added depth to the existing religious divide between the Hindu and Muslim communities. Gradually, the report revealed the complexity of what was happening. Yet, it also showed its limits in leading to sustained change in terms of repercussions by law and peaceful coexistence in society.
CSS Solved Past Papers’ Essays
Looking for the last ten years of CSS and PMS Solved Essays and want to know how Sir Kazim’s students write and score the highest marks in the essays’ papers? Then, click on the CSS Solved Essays to start reading them.
CSS Solved Essays
CSS Solved Current Affairs Past Papers
Looking for the last fifteen years of CSS Solved Current Affairs to learn how to attempt them and to score high? Let’s click on the link below to read them all freely. All past papers have been solved by Pakistan’s top CSS Current Affairs coach having the highest score of their students.
CSS Solved Current Affairs
CSS Solved General Science & Ability Past Papers
Want to read the last ten years’ General Science & Ability Solved Past Papers to learn how to attempt them and to score high? Let’s click on the link below to read them all freely. All past papers have been solved by Pakistan’s top CSS GSA coach having the highest score of their students.
General Science & Ability Solved Past Papers
