CSS Islamiat | The Diplomatic Qualities of the Holy Prophet (PBUH)
The following question of CSS Islamiat is solved by Aqsa Noor under the supervision of Howfiv’s Islamiat coach, Miss Ayesha Irfan. She learnt how to attempt 20 marks question and essay writing from Sir Syed Kazim Ali, Pakistan’s best CSS and PMS English essay and precis teacher with the highest success rate of his students. This solved question is attempted using the pattern taught by Sir to his students, who have scored the highest marks in compulsory and optional subjects for years.
Outline
1-Introduction
2-Holy Prophet’s Peace Building Contributions In Makkah
- ✓ Participating in Diplomatic Talks: Harbal Fajr
- ✓ Resolving the Tribal Conflicts of Arabian Society: Formation of Hulful-Fudul Pact
- ✓ Laying the Foundation of Strong Diplomatic Ties: A Migration to Abyssinia
- ✓ Preaching Patience, Perseverance, and Peace Through Diplomacy: A Journey to Taif
- ✓ Signing Al-Aqba Pledge: A True Demonstration of Holy Prophets Diplomatic Qualities
2.1- Holy Prophet’s Peace Building Contributions in Medina
- ✓ Presenting the Charter of Medina: The First Constitution of a Muslim State.
- ✓ Ending the Animosity Between Makkah And Medina: The Treaty of Huddaybia
- ✓ Negotiating With World Leaders: Chieftains, Arabian Kings, and Foreign Officials
3-Critical Analysis
4-Conclusion
Answer to the question
Introduction
The Holy Prophet is the greatest torch-bearer of peace, humanity, and justice. His exceptional leadership and diplomatic qualities changed the course of the entire socio-economic and political system of the world. His exhibition of well-versed strategies is universally accepted and appreciated. Moreover, His successive achievements as a diplomat have set the stage for the leaders to come. He, indeed, played a crucial role in resolving disputes among the tribal and conflict-ridden society of Arabia, critically analysing the attitude of Quraysh, and signing the significant pacts, such as Herb ul Fijar, Halfil-Fudul, Al-Aqaba Pledges, Messaq e Madina, and Treaty of Hudaybiya. Therefore, these agreements formed and signed under the esteemed guidance of the Holy Prophet made a profound impact on restoring justice, prosperity, peace, and compassion in the Arabian Peninsula and the entire Muslim world.
Holy Prophet`s Peace building contributions in Makkah
- ✓ Participating in diplomatic talks: Harbal Fajir
Holy Prophet is known for his remarkable diplomatic qualities. The same can be witnessed in Herb ul Fijar “the Sacrilegious Wars” a series of conflicts lasted for four years, With the 4 days of direct confrontation between the tribes namely, as Quraish, Kanaan, and Banu Hashim, with Hawazin, Qais, and Aylan, Holy Prophet moved forward to resolve the dispute among them. Though he was not a prophet yet, he still contributed to the collection and preparation of arrows. During the dispute, he also took part in peace negotiations, which is a true reflection of his balanced approach. Allah says in the Quran, “If the enemy is inclined towards peace, make peace with them”. (Surah Al-Anfal, 8:61) Therefore, his participation in dialogues led to a possible bloodshed conflict in the peace agreement –Half ul Fudul, highlighting the true spirit of Islam.
- ✓Resolving the tribal conflicts of Arabian society: Formation of Hulful-Fudul Pact
Moreover, the Holy Prophet played a substantial role in initiating negotiations and establishing peace among rivals. For instance, Al-As ibn Wa’il al-Sahmi (Qurayshite) purchased goods from a Yemeni trader and took possession of them. However, Quraysh refused to pay the agreed price, knowing that the merchant had no allies in Makkah. He yelled for justice, and he was noticed by Al-Zubayr Ibn-e-Muttalib, the Holy Prophet’s uncle, who then called for the covenant. Following this, the Holy Prophet actively participated in the formation of the Al-HALF UL FUDOOL agreement. Indeed, a promising pact to defend the rights of individuals, be they native or foreign, to settle disputes among clans, to uphold the rule of law, and to establish justice in society.
- ✓ Laying the foundation of strong diplomatic ties: A migration to Abyssinia
Furthermore, the Holy Prophet’s wisdom and experience are reflected in his actions. For instance, Muslims, who were in vulnerable conditions, mentally, physically, emotionally, and financially, were asked to migrate to Abyssinia, since they were subjected to the abuse and torture of the Quraysh. The king of Abyssinia was believed to be a kind and just ruler. Holy Prophet said to his companions, “There is a king in Abyssinia under whom no one is wronged”. (Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, translated by A. Guillaume, p. 146). King wholeheartedly welcomed the group of Muslims, including Hazrat Usman (R.A) and Bibi Ruqayya (R.A). Hence, choosing a safe haven for Muslims in difficult times demonstrated his exceptional prudence as a peacemaker and diplomat.
- ✓ Preaching patience, perseverance, and peace through diplomacy: A journey to Taif
Additionally, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) decided to migrate to Taif due to the loss of financial, political, and emotional support from the people of Makkah, following the death of Abu Talib RA, his uncle, and Bibi Khadijah RA, his wife. However, the people of Taif were against him and rejected him. They tried making his life difficult by chasing him, throwing stones at him, which resulted in injuries. Nevertheless, in the entire situation, the Holy Prophet (SAW) remained steadfast, determined, and patient. The Angel Gabriel said, “If you wish, I will crush them between two mountains”. But Holy Prophet said: “No, I hope their children will one day worship Allah”. (Sahih al-Bukhari, Hadith 3231) Thus, it shows that the Holy Prophet (PBUH) did not take revenge or curse them. Instead, he remained optimistic in tough times, endured challenges, and showed courage in the face of every difficulty.
- ✓ Signing Al-Aqba Pledge: A true demonstration of the Holy Prophet’s diplomatic qualities
Following this, the Holy Prophet (PBUH), a strong believer of justice and peace, continued advocating for the message of Islam by sending Musayib ibn Umar as an envoy to introduce the faith to the locals. They accepted the pledge, (Al-Aqba) so as Islam. They promised to worship one God and leave polytheism, to protect the wealth, honour, and dignity of Muslim brothers, and to follow the righteous path of Islam under the supervision of the Holy Prophet (SAW). Additionally, the Aws and the Khazraj converted to Islam, 62 Khazrajis were present at the second pledge of Al-‘Aqaba and 175 Khazrajis at the Battle of Badr, compared to only 63 Aws members. The hostile relations between the two groups gradually diminished after the second pledge. Allah says in the Quran: “Indeed, those who pledge allegiance to you, O Muhammad, they are actually pledging allegiance to Allah. The hand of Allah is over their hands”. Surah Al-Fath (48:10). Certainly, the Holy Prophet and his envoys’ joint diplomatic efforts brought a significant change in Arabia.
Holy Prophet’s Peace Building Contributions in Medina
- ✓ Presenting the Charter of Medina: the First Constitution of a Muslim State
Meesaq-e-Medina (constitution of Medina) is the first constitution of the Muslim Ummah, laying the foundation of the core Islamic state, and setting the cornerstone of the socio-political and economic system of Medina. It aims to unite Muslims and Jews, to establish a peaceful coexistence, to eliminate social stratification, to ensure social justice, harmony, and collective security, to ease tensions between adversaries, to protect the property, wealth, honor, and lives of citizens. Indeed, the agreement formulated by the Holy Prophet (SAW) is considered a hallmark in the history of Arabia, strengthening further diplomatic ties and uniting them under the title of Brotherhood. Thus, the document ensures peace and prosperity throughout the Muslim world.
- ✓ Ending the animosity between Makkah and Medina: The treaty of Huddaybia
Moving towards Sulh-e-Hudaibiya, it is one of the significant diplomatic achievements by the Holy Prophet SAW. It not only stopped the bloodshed, but also prevented a possible deadly war for 10 years. This treaty was signed as a result of an incident. For instance, when Quraysh came to know that the Holy Prophet, along with his 1400 companions, was travelling to Mecca, they sent their troops to stop the Prophet SAW. However, he changed his route to Hudaibiya, a place outside of Mecca, where envoys were engaged in peace negotiations with Quraysh. Eventually, both parties agreed to enter into an agreement, ending the rivalry. This pact was based on mutual non-aggression between the parties. The pact required them to return to Medina and to perform Hajj next year. Apparently, it upset the companions, but later on, they understood the expediency behind the Prophet’s decision. It, for sure, proved Holy Prophet (PBUH) is an excellent diplomat, military strategist, and peacemaker once again.
- ✓ Negotiating with world leaders: Chieftains, Arabian kings, and foreign officials
After the series of consecutive achievements as a Diplomat and uniting the Muslims and Non-Muslims in a single community (Ummah), the Holy Prophet (PBUH) continued to preach the message of Islam beyond the borders of the Arabian Peninsula. He wrote a letter to the King and foreign leaders, such as the king of Abyssinia, the great ruler of Persia, the great ruler of Rome, and the governor of Bahrain, inviting them to embrace Islam and leave polytheism. Though his life was full of obstacles and challenges, he never lost hope. With his courage, he changed the destiny of not only Arabia but also the entire Muslim Ummah. Undoubtedly, his diplomatic engagements sent a clear message of determination, resilience and perseverance.
3– Critical Analysis
Certainly, the Holy Prophet’s whole life is a living example for Muslims. He provided a complete road map, which leads to success in worldly affairs and the hereafter. His extraordinary decisions paved the way for a peaceful society, impartiality, and meritocracy. Moreover, his well-executed strategies made a significant impact on the social, political, economic, and cultural landscape of the Muslim Ummah. In the contemporary era, the Holy Prophet’s diplomatic engagements in resolving bloody conflicts should always be taken into consideration. For instance, the Insurgency in Baluchistan can be sorted out with the help of dialogue by addressing their grievances. Additionally, the Pakistan-TTP conflict also needs the involvement of serious, high-level talks. Similarly, a number of disputes can be settled when tackled properly and diplomatically.
Conclusion
As a diplomat, his vision transcended the territorial boundaries, for he used to see things beyond their limitations. He could analyse the repercussions of an event even before it could happen. Moreover, He fulfilled all the diplomatic norms and protocols by providing diplomatic immunities to foreign envoys, setting the rules for the nations to come. Additionally, He laid the foundation of international law, such as rules regarding war, reparations, prisoners of war, and saving trees, crops, women, children and non-combatants. Thus, the same is true of international humanitarian law in the modern world.
CSS Solved Past Papers’ Essays
Looking for the last ten years of CSS and PMS Solved Essays and want to know how Sir Kazim’s students write and score the highest marks in the essays’ papers? Then, click on the CSS Solved Essays to start reading them.
CSS Solved Essays
CSS Solved Islamiyat Past Papers
Want to read the last ten years’ Islamiyat Solved Past Papers to learn how to attempt them and to score high? Let’s click on the link below to read them all freely. All past papers have been solved by Pakistan’s top CSS Islamiyat coach having the highest score of their students.
CSS Solved Islamiyat
CSS Solved General Science & Ability Past Papers
Want to read the last ten years’ General Science & Ability Solved Past Papers to learn how to attempt them and to score high? Let’s click on the link below to read them all freely. All past papers have been solved by Pakistan’s top CSS GSA coach having the highest score of their students.
CSS Solved General Science & Ability
