The CSS Solved General Science & Ability (GSA) Past Paper 2025 is Solved by Pakistan’s top GSA Coaches, Miss Iqra Ali and Sir Ammar Hashmi. They are the only coaches available in Pakistan who have solved the last 20 years’ GSA solved papers to help aspirants know how to attempt the paper to score above 80. And they have guided thousands of CSS and PMS aspirants. Both coaches have been known for their teaching methodology and imparting concepts to their students, who scored the highest marks in this subject. At the special request of CSSPrepForum, both coaches have solved the paper.
PART-II
SECTION-I
Question No. 2
(A) What effects are produced due to the Rotation & Revolution of Earth? Explain briefly
Question Breakdown:
In this question, the examiner has asked you to explain the effects produced by the rotation and revolution of Earth. To answer this, split the question into two parts, with the first part addressing the effects of rotation and the second part addressing the effects of revolution. Draw diagrams for them separately. Remember, do not over-write; stay to the point and clear in your answers.
Answer:
Rotation and revolution are the phenomena associated with celestial objects. Likewise, these phenomena are also linked with Earth. To understand the effects of Earth’s rotation and revolution, first, a brief understanding of these phenomena is important.
Rotation of Earth:
A rotation is the earth’s movement around its axis, usually called the axis of rotation. The axis of rotation passes through the centre of mass of the earth. It is a synonym for spinning.
Effects Produced due to the Rotation of earth:
The spinning of the Earth around its axis is called rotation. The Earth rotates from West to East (counter-clockwise), and the axis is tilted at 23.5o. The rotation of the Earth causes the occurrence of day and night. It is also responsible for the occurrence of tides in the ocean. The portion of the Earth’s surface that faces the Sun will have a day, and the other parts will have night. The Earth takes about 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds to complete its one rotation.
Revolution of Earth:
Revolution of the earth means the movement of the earth around the Sun. It is referred to the orbital motion of an object.
Effects Produced due to the Revolution of the earth:
The movement of the Earth around the Sun in a fixed path is called revolution. It revolves in an elliptical orbit from west to east, i.e., in the anticlockwise direction. And it is responsible for the occurrence of seasons like summer, winter, etc. During the motion, the distance between the Earth and the Sun changes, causing variations in weather. It takes about 365.25 days to complete one revolution around the Sun. The speed of the Earth is about 30km/sec while moving around the Sun.
The same question was asked in CSS General Science and Ability 2017, Question no. 4 (C). You can also go through it to grasp the topic in more depth
(B) Describe Electromagnetic Radiation; give its types and explain their applications.
Question Breakdown:
The question is split into two parts. In the first part, the examiner has asked you to explain electromagnetic radiation. In the next part, he demands types, giving along the applications of all the types. You can draw a minimal flow chart relevant to the answer. Although you are supposed to write an answer per the requirements, here, the answer is attempted in a bit of detail to help students learn it. Remember, writing extra content is not what assures you good marks, but the presentation makes your answer paper stand out among thousands.
Answer:
Electromagnetic Radiations
Electromagnetic radiations are transverse waves in which the electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other and to the direction of propagation of the wave.
Types and Application of Different Electromagnetic Waves
Depending on the oscillation frequency, different wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum, from gamma rays to radio waves, are produced.
Ultraviolet Radiations
- Ultraviolet radiations are used in energy-efficient lights, in which fluorescent substances absorb UV light produced inside the lamp and re-emit the energy as visible light.
- UV radiations are also used on bank notes to detect forgeries and allow investigators and forensic researchers to examine clues and recover evidence by providing more detail and contrast to the suspected area than standard lighting techniques.
Infrared Radiations
- In medicine, infrared radiations can promote local blood circulation through their heating effect and reduce muscle tension, thus used in treating autoimmune diseases or wound-healing disorders.
- In homes, infrared radiations are used by electrical heaters and to cook food, as well as short-range communications like remote controls, optical fibres, security systems, and thermal imaging security cameras that detect people in the dark.
Microwave Radiations
- Microwaves are used in domestic and commercial microwave ovens for heating and cooking food. The magnetron present in the internal circuitry of the microwave oven emits microwaves that reflect on striking a metallic surface and are absorbed by the food particles, resulting in heat.
- These are used in various communication techniques, such as satellite communication, cellular communication, optical communication, point-to-point communication, wireless communication, etc.
Radio waves
- Radio waves, with their longest wavelengths, transmit data from radios, televisions, satellites, and RADAR.
- Cellular mobile phones use radio waves to transmit voice communication.
X-rays
- In medicine, X-rays diagnose fractures of bones, foreign bodies like bullets and stones in the body, and dental pathologies. Moreover, these are also used to treat certain types of cancer.
- In the industry, X-rays are used to test the homogeneity of welded joints and detect the structural defects of inaccessible machinery parts.
Gamma-rays
- It helps to kill carcinogenic cells. It also helps to prevent their growth.
- In the industry, radiation checks oil pipelines to detect weak points. Gamma radiation can detect cracks according to variations in thickness. It can also detect density change, weld defect, and non-uniformity of material.
A. What are Hurricanes? How they are formed and what level of damage they can produce?
Question Breakdown:
This question rationally contains three parts. The first part simply requires a basic understanding of hurricanes. In the second part, you are required to explain the phenomenon of the production of hurricanes, and in the third part, the level of damage to be produced by them. So, address three parts separately. Remember, writing too much can never help you get maximum marks; however, what helps you get good marks is your presentation.
Answer:
Define Hurricanes
A hurricane is a weather phenomenon that is essentially a rapidly rotating storm system with characteristics such as a defined, low-pressure centre, strong winds, and thunderstorms that produce heavy rain. It is generally produced with maximum winds of 74 mph (64 knots) or greater. Hurricanes are also known as tropical cyclones, typhoons, cyclonic storms, tropical depressions, or simply cyclones. The name depends on the storm’s location.
Formation of Hurricane
Hurricanes begin when a tropical depression forms in the ocean. A tropical depression is a line of rain showers and weak thunderstorms that circle around an area of low air pressure. If the water is at least 79°F, a hurricane might form. The low air pressure causes the hot, humid air from the ocean to rise in a spiral shape. As that warm air rises, it releases heat, cools down, and condenses into gusty bands of clouds and storms. The low-pressure area continues to suck up hot, moist air, and the spiral gets stronger and faster.
When winds reach 39 miles an hour, the tropical depression becomes a tropical storm. When winds reach 74 miles an hour, it’s officially a hurricane. As a hurricane moves over cooler water or hits land, it loses the warm water that fuels it and begins to weaken. But dangerous winds can still cause damage, and storm surges can flood coastal areas with more than 20 feet of water. Heavy rains and floods can continue far inland.
Damage Produced by Hurricanes
Following are the impacts of cyclones/hurricanes.
- Damage produced by Hurricanes Winds
High winds can rip the roof of a house or destroy it entirely, destroy buildings, collapse weak structures, and snap or uproot trees. It can also result in power outages. - Damage produced by Storm surge
Storm surge can cause massive destruction along the coast, including beach and dune erosion, road and bridge damage, and loss of life. Also, it can travel inland, causing devastating flooding.g - Damage produced by the Hurricanes associated torrential rain
Hurricanes can cause widespread torrential rains that can lead to flooding, landslides and mudslides hundreds of miles from its source - Damage produced by the Flying debris
Moving or airborne debris can break windows and doors, allowing high winds and rain inside. - Post-Hurricane Impacts – Public health and psychology
Hurricanes can cause long-term health issues such as post-traumatic stress disorder, negatively affect reproductive health, and increase exposure to infectious and noninfectious diseases. Moreover, after a hurricane has struck and the strong winds and flooding have subsided, people start to return to their houses to inspect the damage. Often, the damage they find is devastating as almost everything is destroyed, and thousands of people are left homeless, leaving fear among the masses.
The same question was asked a little differently in CSS General Science and Ability paper 2019, Question no. 3 (C) and CSS General Science and Ability paper 2020, Question no. 5 (B). You can also go through them to grasp the topic in more depth
SECTION-II
Question No. 6
(A) In an annual sale, Saima buys a fridge and a freezer. The sale offers 15% off everything and she pays a total of Rs. 57,120. If the price of a freezer before the sale is Rs. 40,000. What was the price of the fridge before the sale?
Answer:
Given data
- The original price of the freezer = Rs. 40,000
- The original price of the fridge = X
- The discount offered = 15% off on both items
Step 1: Compute the discounted prices
Since the discount is 15%, the price after the discount for any item is:
Discounted Price = Original Price x (1 – 0.15)
For the freezer:
Discounted Price of Freezer = 40,000 x 0.85 = 34,000
For the fridge:
Discounted Price of Fridge = (X) x 0.85 = 0.85X
Step 2: Form the equation
According to the problem, the total price Saima paid after the discount is Rs. 57,120
34,000 + 0.85X = 57,120
Step 3: Solve for X
0.85X = 57,120 – 34,000
0.85X = 23,120
X = 32,120/0.85
X = 27,200
Final Answer
The original price of the fridge before the sale was Rs. 27,200.
(B) Mr Rasheed pays a deposit of Rs. 60,000, followed by 36 equal monthly payments. The total amount that he pays is 127% of the basic price of Rs. 3,360,000. Calculate Rasheed’s monthly payment.
Answer
Given data
- Basic price = Rs. 3,360,000
- Total amount paid = 127% of the basic price
- Deposit paid = Rs. 60,000
- Number of monthly payments = 36
Step 1: Calculate the Total Amount Paid
Total Amount Paid = 127% × 3,360,000
= 127/100 × 3,360,000
= Rs. 4,267,200
Step 2: Determine the Remaining Amount
Remaining Amount = Total Amount Paid – Deposit
= 4,267,200 – 60,000
= Rs. 4,207,200
Step 3: Calculate the Monthly Payment
Monthly payment = Remaining amount/Number of months
= 4,207,200/36
= 116,866.67
Final Answer:
Mr Rasheed’s monthly payment is Rs. 116,866.67.
(C) Divide Rs. 600 among A,B, and C so that Rs. 40 more than 2/5 of A’s share, Rs. 20 more than 2/7 of B’s share and Rs. 10 more than 9/17 of C’s share may be equal.
Answer
Let
- A’s share as x
- B’s share as y
- C’s share as z
The total amount to be divided:
x + y + z = 600
According to the given conditions:
- Rs. 40 more than 2/5 of A’s share is equal to the common value
2/5 x + 40 = k
- Rs. 20 more than 2/7 of B’s share is equal to the same value:
2/7 y+ 20 = k
- Rs. 10 more than 9/17 of C’s share is equal to the same value:
9/17 z+ 10 = k
Step 1: Express x,y,z in terms of k
Step 2: Solve for k
Since the total sum is 600:
x + y + z = 600
(5/2)(k-40) + (7/2)(k-20) + (17/9)(k-10) = 600
Taking the LCM of denominators, which comes out to 18, thus multiplying by 18 on both sides
18 x {5(k-40) + 7(k-20) + 17(k-10)} = 18 x 600
45(k-40) + 163(k-20) + 34(k-10) = 10,800
Expanding:
45k – 1800 + 63k – 1260 + 34k – 3400 = 10,800
45k + 63k + 34k = 10,800 + 1800 + 1260 + 3400
142k = 14,100
k = 14,100/142
k = 99.3
Step 3: Compute x,y,z
Final Answer:
A = 148.25
B = 277.55
C = 168.2
(D) Find out the correct words from the jumbled spellings given below.
| Jumbled Words | Correct Words |
| TEANAIRM | MARINATE |
| VAGNACEXETRA | EXTRAVAGANCE |
| VADIELTIONC | VALEDICTION |
| PKUNYBARTC | BANKRUPTCY |
| TAESROSNC | ANCESTORS |
Question No. 7
(A) Calculate the marked price of the sculpture if it is sold for Rs. 79950 after a discount of 18%. On another day, if 10% discount is given on the marked price of the same sculpture before it is sold at a further discount of 8%. Would the sale price still be Rs. 79950?
Answer
Step 1: Calculate the Marked Price
Given data:
- Selling price after 18% discount = Rs. 79,950
- Let the marked price be M
- Discount formula:
Selling Price = Marked Price × (1−Discount Percentage)
79,950 = M x (1 – 0.18)
79,950 = M x 0.82
M = 79,950/0.82
M = Rs. 97,500
Step 2: Check the New Discount Scenario
Now, the same sculpture is given a 10% discount first, followed by an 8% discount.
- First discount of 10% on Marked Price:
Price after first discount = 97,500 x (1 – 0.10)
= 97,500 x 0.90
= 87,750
- Second discount of 8% on the new price:
Final selling price=87,750 × (1−0.08)
= 87,750 x 0.92
= 80,730
Step 3: Compare with Rs. 79,950
- In the first case, the final price was Rs. 79,950.
- In the second case (two-step discount), the final price is Rs. 80,730.
Conclusion
Since Rs. 80,730 ≠ Rs. 79,950, the sale price would not still be Rs. 79,950.
It would be Rs. 80,730 instead.
(B) Majid pays a total of Rs. 51,520 for his car insurance. The total is made of a basic charge plus 15% sales tax. Calculate the amount of sales tax that Majid pays.
Answer
Given data
- Total amount paid = Rs. 51,520
- Sales tax rate = 15%
- Total amount includes the basic charge and the sales tax
Step 1: Let the Basic Charge be x
The total amount paid includes 15% sales tax:
Total amount = x + 0.15x
51,520 = 1.15x
Step 2: Solve for x
x = 51,520/1.15
x = 44,800
Step 3: Calculate the Sales Tax
Sales tax = 0.15 x 44,800
= 6720
Final Answer
Majid pays Rs. 6,720 as sales tax.
(C) A campsite in the shape of a rectangle has sides (3x+6)m and (x+1)m, and the length of the diagonal is (4x+1)m. Find the area and perimeter of the campsite.
Answer
We are given a rectangular campsite with:
Length = (3x+6)m
Width = (x+1)m
Diagonal = (4x+1)m
We need to find the values of x, area, and perimeter.
Step 1: Use the Pythagorean Theorem
Since the campsite is rectangular, the diagonal forms a right triangle with the length and width:
(Length)2 + (Width)2 = (Diagonal)2
(3x+6)2 + (x+1)2 = (4x+1)2
Expanding each term:
(9x2 + 36x + 36) + (x2 +2x +1) = (16x2 + 8x + 1)
10x2 + 38x + 37 = 16x2 + 8x + 1
Step 2: Solve for x
Rearrange the equation:
10x2 – 16x2 + 38x – 8x + 37 – 1 = 0
-6x2 + 30x + 36 = 0
Multiply by −1 to simplify:
6x2 – 30x – 36 = 0
Divide by 6:
x2 – 5x – 6 = 0
Factorize:
(x-6)(x-1) = 0
Thus, x=6 or x=−1. Since length and width cannot be negative, we take:
x = 6
Step 3: Find Length, Width, and Diagonal
Substituting x=6
- Length = 3x + 6 = 3(6) + 6 = 24
- Width = x + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7
- Diagonal = 4x+ 1 = 4(6) + 1 = 25
Step 4: Calculate Area
Area = Length x Width
= 24 x 7= 168 m2
Step 5: Calculate Perimeter
Perimeter = 2(Length + Width)
= 2(24+7)
= 2×31
= 62 m
Final Answer:
- Area = 168 m²
- Perimeter = 62 m
(D) Arrange the following fractions in the descending order.
Answer
Question No. 8
(A) A train, in the first five successive minutes from its start, runs 68m, 127m, 208m, 312m, and 353m and, for the next 5 minutes, maintains an average speed of 33 km/hr. Find the whole distance covered and the average speed in covering this total distance.
Answer
Given data
- Distance covered in the first 5 minutes:
- 1st minute: 68 m
- 2nd minute: 127 m
- 3rd minute: 208 m
- 4th minute: 312 m
- 5th minute: 353 m
- For the next 5 minutes, the train maintains an average speed of 33 km/h.
Step 1: Calculate the Distance Covered in the First 5 Minutes
Total distance in first 5 minutes=68+127+208+312+353 =1068 m
Step 2: Calculate the Distance Covered in the Next 5 Minutes
- Speed = 33 km/h
- Convert speed to meters per minute
33 x (1000/60) = 550m/min
Distance covered in 5 minutes
550 x 5 = 2750 m
Step 3: Find the Total Distance Covered
Total Distance=1068+2750=3818 m or 3.818 km
Step 4: Calculate the Average Speed
Total time=10 minutes=10/60 = 1/6 hours
Average speed = Total distance/Total time
= 3.818 ÷ 1/6
= 3.818 x 6
= 22.91 km/h
Final Answers
- Total distance covered = 3.818 km
- Average speed = 22.91 km/h
(B) A solid cuboid with base 10 cm by 6 cm is available. the height of the cuboid is ‘y’ centimeter and the total surface area of the cuboid is given to be 376 cm2. Find the height of the cuboid.
Answer
Given data
We are given a solid cuboid with:
- Length = 10 cm
- Width = 6 cm
- Height = Y cm
- Total surface area = 376 cm²
Step 1: Surface Area Formula of a Cuboid
The total surface area (TSA) of a cuboid is given by:
Total Surface Area (TSA) = 2(lw + wh + hl) sq. units
Step 2: Substitute the Given Values
376 = 2 (10×6 + 6 x Y + Y x 10)
376 = 2 (60 + 6Y +10Y)
376 = 2 (60 +16Y)
376 = 120 +32Y
Step 3: Solve for Y
376 – 120 = 32Y
256 = 32Y
Y = 256/32
Y = 8
Final Answer
The height of the cuboid is 8 cm
(C) In a six-member family (A, B, C, D, E, and F), there are two fathers, three brothers, and a mother. If C is the sister of F, B is the brother of E’s husband. D is the father of A and grandfather of F. Who is E’s husband?
Answer
Let’s analyze the given relationships carefully:
- Family members: A, B, C, D, E, and F.
- Two fathers → This means there are two generations.
- Three brothers → Three males in the same generation are brothers.
- One mother → Only one female is identified as a mother.
Step 1: Identifying Relationships
- C is the sister of F, meaning C and F are siblings.
- B is the brother of E’s husband, meaning E’s husband has a brother named B.
- D is the father of A and the grandfather of F, meaning A must be the father of F.
- Since D is A’s father, this means A is in the middle generation.
Step 2: Structuring the Family
- D is the father of A, so A must be male.
- D is the grandfather of F, which means A is F’s father.
- Since A is F’s father and C is F’s sister, A is also C’s father.
- Since B is the brother of E’s husband, this means B and E’s husband are siblings.
- Since there are three brothers, we now know they must be A, B, and E’s husband.
Step 3: Finding E’s Husband
- The three brothers in the same generation must be A, B, and E’s husbands.
- Since we know D is A’s father, that means A and B must be siblings.
- That means E’s husband must be A.
Final Answer:
E’s husband is A
(D) How many prime numbers are between each of the following pairs of numbers?
Answer
The remaining part of the CSS General Science and Ability paper 2025 is being solved by Miss Iqra Ali and Sir Ammar Hashmi. Keep visiting the page to get the complete solution.
CSS Solved Past Papers’ Essays
Looking for the last ten years of CSS and PMS Solved Essays and want to know how Sir Kazim’s students write and score the highest marks in the essays’ papers? Then, click on the CSS Solved Essays to start reading them.
CSS Solved Essays
